Description of male of the rarest European Carpenter-moth Stygioides persephone (Reisser, 1962) (Lepidoptera: Cossidae)
Author
Lingenhöle, Arthur
Author
Friedrich, Egbert
Author
Yakovlev, Roman V.
text
Zootaxa
2017
2017-12-13
4363
4
597
600
journal article
31170
10.11646/zootaxa.4363.4.14
fccfd522-fba1-4a1a-9001-ae641be6941a
1175-5326
1114847
45465886-7E27-4D01-90BD-27641774B632
Stygioides persephone
(
Reisser, 1962
)
(
Figs 1−5
)
Material examined.
Holotype
,
♀
,
O. Kreta
,
Wurwulitis
,
Ep. Kaenurgion
, nördl. d.
Messará
[
35°02´N
;
24°50´E
],
22.v.1925
,
A. Schulz
(
Museum
fur
Naturkunde
,
Leibniz Institut
für
Evolution
und
Biodiversitatsforschung
,
Berlin
,
Germany
)
.
1 ♂
,
Greece
,
Ost-Kreta
,
Chersonissos
[
35°19´N
;
25°23´E
],
16.v.1996
,
E. Friedrich
(coll.
E. Friedrich
,
Jena
)
;
15 ♂
,
1 ♀
, Süd
Kreta
,
Prov. Rethimnon
,
20 km
n. Agia Galini, Kouroutes [
35°11´N
;
24°43´E
],
600 m
,
20−22.v.2000
, leg.
Lingenhöle
(coll.
A. Lingenhöle
,
Biberach
)
;
1 ♀
, Süd
Kreta
,
Asterousia Gebirge, N
34°58´01 E 25°01´
49, 800 m
, leg.
Lingenhöle
(coll.
A. Lingenhöle
,
Biberach
)
.
Description of male
. Wingspan
11.5 mm
. Antenna bipectinate, length of comb processes in median ⅓ of flagellum 1.5 of rod diameter. Thorax and abdomen densely covered with brown scales. Fore wing narrow, apex somewhat tapered, wing translucent yet not transparent, with a spray of brown scales, without pattern, costal and outer edge of wing dark brown. Hind wing brown without pattern. Fringe on both wings brown, unicolorous.
Male genitalia. Uncus with rounded apex; tegumen of medium size; gnathos arms thin, of medium length, fused by membrane; valva narrow, with membranous distal end, distinct border between sclerotized (proximal) and membranous (distal) parts, on costal margin flattened process with slightly serrated edge; transtilla process with small uncinately bent apex; juxta tiny, with two leaf-like lateral processes diluted at angle of 120°; saccus tiny, semicircular. Phallus 1/5 shorter than valva, curved in proximal third, apex strongly narrowed, vesica aperture equal to ⅓ of phallus length, vesica without cornuti.
Bionomics
. Adults are active in May.
Males were collected approximately at noon attracted to pheromone trap
(BASF – black belt) placed at
2−3 m
. Females were found sitting on plants.
FIGURES 1−9
. Adult specimens of
Stygioides
: 1.
S. persephone
, ♂, Greece, Ost-Kreta, Chersonissos [35°19´N; 25°23´E], 16.v.1996, E. Friedrich (coll. E. Friedrich, Jena); 2.
S. persephone
, ♀, holotype (Museum fur Naturkunde, Leibniz Institut für Evolution und Biodiversitatsforschung, Berlin, Germany); 3.
S. persephone
, ♀, Süd Kreta, Prov. Rethimnon, 20 km n. Agia Galini, Kouroutes [35°11´N; 24°43´E], 600 m, 20−22.v.2000, leg. Lingenhöle (coll. A. Lingenhöle, Biberach); 4.
S. colchica colchica
, ♂, Iran, Elbursgebirge, Keredi, 1400 m, 18.iv.1936 (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm); 5.
S. colchica dercetis
, ♂, Lebanon, Aarab ei Laqlouq vill. env., 1640 m, 24−31.v.2006, leg. Kriuger & Saldaitis (Museum Witt, Munich); 6.
S. nupponenorum
, ♂, holotype (Museum Witt, Munich); 7.
S. psyche
, cotype (Natural History Museum, London); 8.
S. ivinskisi
, ♂, holotype (Museum Witt, Munich); 9.
S. colchica colchica
, ♀, Iran, Elbursgebirge, Keredi, 1400 m, 18.iv.1936 (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm).
FIGURES 10−12
. Male genitalia, distributional map and biotope of
Stygioides persephone
: 10. Male genitalia (slide
Cossidae
#1/ coll.E. Friedrich); 11. Distributional map; 12. Byotope Süd Kreta, Prov. Rethimnon, 20 km n. Agia Galini, Kouroutes [35°11´N; 24°43´E] (photo by Arthur Lingenhöle).
Taxonomic position
. The external characters of the males (very small size, the translucent wings without pattern),
the male genital structure (membranous gnathos), and behaviour (daytime activity,) support the status of this species as a
member of the genus
Stygioides
Bruand, 1853
.
Diagnosis
.
Stygioides persephone
can readily be distinguished from other
Stygioides
species by the following
features:
- in males of
S. colchica colchica
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
(
type
locality
Amasia
),
S. colchica dercetis
(Grum- Grshimailo, 1900) (
type
locality Valle fl. Arnon (Wadi-el-Modshib, Moabia) [Wadi al Madjib River,
Jordan
]),
S. nupponenorum
Yakovlev & Saldaitis, 2011
(
type
locality
Turkey
,
Anatolia
,
20 km
W.
Antalya
),
S. aethiops
(Staudinger, 1887)
(
type
locality Namangan; Margelan) and
S. psyche
(Grum-Grshimailo, 1893)
(
type
locality desertis Kyzyl-kum dictis, ad puteum Sarbi-kuduk) the wings are semi-transparent (in
S. persephone
the wings are not transparent, densely covered with brown scales);
- in
S. colchica
the process on costal edge of valva is 2× larger than in
S. persephone
;
- in
S. nupponenorum
the phallus is curved in median ⅓, in
S. persephone
it is bent in the proximal third;
- in
S. ivinskisi
Saldaitis &
Yakovlev, 2007
(type locality Lebanon W., Tanourine env.) the fore wing is wide and short; border between sclerotized (proximal) and membranous (distal) parts is indistinct; in
S. persephone
this border is distinct;
- in
S. psyche
the phallus is straight and thick, in
S. persephone
it is thin and strongly bent in the proximal third;
- in
S. aethiops
the thorax and abdomen are covered with pale grey scales, in
S. persephone
with brown scales;
- in all other species of
Stygioides
the antennae comb processes of males are 1.5–3.0 × longer than the antennae rod diameter, in
S. persephone
they are shorter, equal to the antennae rod diameter.