Taking a closer look: an SEM review of Levinsenia species (Polychaeta: Paraonidae) reported from California
Author
Lovell, Lawrence L.
Author
Fitzhugh, Kirk
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-03-17
4751
2
257
275
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.4751.2.3
13301a8f-3060-4f1b-9743-b55303c84a48
1175-5326
3713075
D0ADB14D-1A73-4325-859F-570EA2042F23
Levinsenia multibranchiata
(
Hartman, 1957
)
Figures 4
A–D, 7D
Paraonis multibranchiata
Hartman, 1957: 332–333
;
1969: 79–80
,
Fig. 1
.
Tauberia multibranchiata
.
—
Strelzov, 1973: 135–136
, Figs 11(1), 59.
Levinsenia multibranchiata
.
—
Blake, 1996: 36
, Fig. 2.3.
FIGURE 4.
Levinsenia multibranchiata
(
Hartman, 1957
)
, paratype AHF-LACM POLY 648, adult: (A) prostomium with palpode, nuchal organs, dorsal view; (B) branchial region, dorsal view; (C) notopodial glandular pores, lateral view; (D) acicular neurochaetae with fibrils, lateral view. Abbreviations: no, nuchal organ; pa, palpode; pl, post-chaetal lobe; sp, sensory pores. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B, 300 µm; C, 20 µm; D, 30 µm.
Material examined.
USA
,
California
,
Santa Barbara County
,
Santa Barbara Channel Basin
, 18.0 miles bearing 135°
True
from
Point Conception Light
,
34°14’10’’N
,
120°12’45’’W
,
502.9 m
depth
, green mud,
Hayward
orange peel grab,
R
/
V
Velero
IV
,
Sta.
3731-55, coll.
Allan Hancock Foundation
,
12 December 1955
,
14
paratypes
(one specimen mounted on SEM stub) (
LACM-AHF
POLY 648
)
.—
Orange County
,
Huntington Beach
,
OCSD NPDES
Survey 9270, Sta. C2, rep. 5,
33°36.12’N
,
117°56.02’W
,
56 m
depth,
0.1 m
²
Van Veen
grab, 1.0 mm sieve,
1 specimen
(
LACM-AHF 12578
); survey 9382,
Sta. C
2, rep. 1
,
33°36.12’N
,
117°56.02’W
,
56 m
depth,
0.1 m
²
Van Veen
grab, 1.0 mm sieve,
12 specimens
(
LACM-AHF 12579
); survey 9279,
Sta. C
2, rep. 3
,
33°36.12’N
,
117°56.02’W
,
56 m
depth,
0.1 m
²
Van Veen
grab, 1.0 mm sieve,
20 specimens
(
LACM-AHF 12580
); survey 9279,
Sta. C
2, rep. 5
,
33°36.12’N
,
117°56.02’W
,
56 m
depth,
0.1 m
²
Van Veen
grab, 1.0 mm sieve,
2 specimens
(
LACM-AHF 12581
); survey 95109,
Sta. C
2, rep. 1
,
33°36.12’N
,
117°56.02’W
,
56 m
depth,
0.1 m
²
Van Veen
grab, 1.0 mm sieve,
1 specimen
(
LACM-AHF 12582
)
.—
San Diego County
,
Carlsbad
,
Encina Treatment Plant
NPDES
Survey
9344,
Sta.
R2
, rep. 1, ~
33°07.57’N
,
117°20.69’W
,
46 m
depth,
0.1 m
²
Van Veen
grab, 1.0 mm sieve,
1 specimen
(
LACM-AHF 12583
); survey 9344,
Sta.
R2
,
rep. 3, ~
33°07.57’N
,
117°20.69’W
,
46 m
depth,
0.1 m
²
Van Veen
grab, 1.0 mm sieve,
1 specimen
(
LACM-AHF 12584
)
.
Description.
Specimens up to
30 mm
long,
0.15–0.25 mm
wide. Thorax slightly inflated in prebranchial chaetigers, rounded in cross section thereafter. Body tan. Prostomium conical, wider than long; poorly-developed terminal sensory organ; pair of ciliated peristomial nuchal organs; median antenna absent (
Fig. 4A
). Branchiae begin on chaetigers 7–8, 20–36 pairs; thin, tapering, five times longer than wide (
Fig. 4B
); cilia present on lateral edges, with connecting transverse dorsal bands of short cilia. Notopodial post-chaetal lobes papilla-like on chaetiger 1, digitate in branchiate region, shorter post-branchial. Notopodial sensory pores (
Fig. 4C
) present on all segments. Neuropodial post-chaetal lobes absent. Noto- and neuropodial capillary chaetae from chaetiger 1. Acicular neurochaetae, 5–7 per fascicle, begin post-branchial; each spine slightly curved, tapering and thinner distally, with fringe of fibrils on convex margin; spines alternating with capillary chaetae (
Fig. 4D
). Pygidium with dorsal anal pore, mid-ventral lobe, two short anal cirri.
Methyl green stain.
None present (
Fig. 7D
).
Type
locality.
Southern
California
,
Santa Barbara Basin
.
Distribution.
Southern and Central
California
,
45–540 m
deep.
Remarks.
Levinsenia multibranchiata
is readily distinguished from other SCB species by the more numerous and elongate branchiae. For information on diagnostic character differences, see the dichotomous key and
Table 2
.