Names of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) established by Charles McLean Fraser (1872 - 1946), excluding those from Allan Hancock Expeditions Author Calder, Dale R. Author Choong, Henry H. C. text Zootaxa 2018 2018-10-02 4487 1 1 83 journal article 29136 10.11646/zootaxa.4487.1.1 939f52d6-d58b-4a22-8aec-dd5c6a591067 1175-5326 1456161 524B23B9-8EAA-4BD6-8937-A1B8F1C057B9 Lictorella carolina Fraser, 1911 Lictorella carolina Fraser, 1911 : 53 , pl. 4, figs. 3–5. Zygophylax carolina .— Rees & Vervoort, 1987 : 71 . Zygophylax carolinus Cairns et al ., 1991 : 24 . Holotype. See Remarks below. Type locality. USA , Washington : San Juan Archipelago ( Fraser 1911 ). Current status. Valid, as Zygophylax carolina ( Fraser, 1911 ) . Remarks. Fraser (1911) described Lictorella carolina from a single detached specimen that may not have constituted a complete colony. Rees & Vervoort (1987) considered an “imperfectly preserved specimen labelled: ‘ Lictorella carolina Fraser. San Juan . T. Kincaid’" in the NMNH to be type material and probably the holotype of the species ( No . 70625, with No . 34084 on a separate label). The collection could not be located in the online database of the NMNH under either number during this study. Neither could the specimen be found during a visit by one of us ( DRC ) to the NMNH in September 2017 . Hydroids of L. carolina in the Fraser Hydroid Collection at the RBCM (BCPM 976-00334-001: Trinity Islands, 20 August 1914 , 91 m, dry; BCPM 976-00335-001: Gulf of Alaska ) (Arai 1977) are not types . Additional information on morphology of this species, beyond the original description, exists in Fraser (1914b) . Rees & Vervoort (1987) remarked that the hydroid, as Zygophylax carolina , was “insufficiently described” and founded on sterile material. Nevertheless, Z. carolina has been listed as valid in Cairns et al . (2002 , as Z. carolinus ), Antsulevich (2015), and WoRMS.