High species diversity of the genus Neopanorpa (Mecoptera: Panorpidae) in Yunnan Province, China Author Wang, Meng Author Hua, Bao-Zhen text Zootaxa 2018 2018-09-20 4483 1 journal volume 29518 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.2 e7c82ac0-d5ec-43de-939d-8d5fab040ee4 1175-5326 1437468 9BF000A2-7D47-475A-98F4-09844FAB64F0 Neopanorpa semiorbiculata sp. n. ( Figs. 4–5 ) LSID: urn: lsid: zoobank.org: act: 55615F88-E457-487F-8D66-2D58A7217352 Material examined. Holotype ♂ , CHINA : Yunnan : Baoshan County : Gaoligong Mountain (elev. 1450–1600 m ), 11.vi.2014 , leg. Chao Gao & Mei Liu , ME000001 ( NWAFU ) . Paratypes 5♂ 5♀ , same data as holotype, ME000002–ME000011 ( NWAFU ), 27664–27665 ( ZMUG ) ; 2♂ , CHINA : Yunnan : Baoshan County : Gaoligong Mountain , 28.v.2009 , leg. Jiang-Li Tan, ME 000012–ME000013 ( NWAFU ) ; 3♀ , CHINA : Yunnan : Yongde County : Daxue Mountain ( 24°11′53″N , 99°37′32″E , elev. 2000 m ), 29.viii.2015 , leg. Ji-Shen Wang, ME 000014– ME000016 ( NWAFU ) . Diagnosis. Neopanorpa semiorbiculata sp. n. can be readily distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: (1) Wings slightly tinged with light brown; markings prominent with semi-circular apical band, pterostigmal band normally reduced to a separated rectangular spot ( Fig. 4a & b ); (2) male genitalia yellowish brown with gonostylus brown; (3) hypovalves flat in lateral aspect, with very small hypandrial processes; epandrial lobes slender, curved ventro-mesally ( Fig. 4i ); (4) female genital plate with axis oval-shaped in apical half, not extending anteriorly beyond main plate; posterior arms slightly convergent at apex ( Fig. 5e–g ). Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin semi (half) and orbiculata (circular), referring to the conspicuous shape of the apical bands. Description. Holotype ( Fig. 4a ). FIGURE 4. Neopanorpa semiorbiculata sp. n. (a) Male, dorsal view; (b) Female, dorsal view; (c) Head, frontal view; (d) Thorax, dorsal view; (e) Notal organ, dorsal view; (f) A5–A9, lateral view; (g) Male genital bulb, ventral view; (h) Male genital bulb, dorsal view; (i) Male epandrium and hypandrium, lateral view; (j) Gonostylus, ventral view; (k) Gonostylus, dorsal view. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; bs, basal stalk; c, clypeus; dst, dorsal setae; ep, epandrium; epl, epandrial lobe; gc, gonocoxite; gs, gonostylus; hp, hypovalves; hpr, hypandrial processes; ma, mandible; mdt, median tooth; mp, maxillary palp; ms, mesoscutum; mt, metascutum; not, notal organ; ot, ocellar triangle; pn, post-notal organ; pr, pronotum; v, vertex. Scale bars: a– b = 5 mm; c–e, g–i = 0.5 mm; f = 1 mm; j–k = 0.25 mm. Head ( Fig. 4c ). Vertex and ocellar triangle dark brown. Rostrum saffron yellow with two vague longitudinal brownish stripes along clypeus. Thorax ( Fig. 4d ). Pronotum dark brown. Mesonotum dark brown anteriorly, extending caudally as broad median band to scutellum, leaving large dull yellow areas adjacent to wing base; metanotum with similar pattern. Wings ( Fig. 4a ). Slightly tinged with light brown; R2 bifurcated. In forewings, apical band semi-circular with inner margin extending diagonally from end of R1 to end of M1; pterostigmal band faint anteriorly, forked posteriorly, with apical branch absent or reduced to an indistinct small spot and basal branch reduced to a large square spot on posterior margin; submedian band reduced to a small spot between CuA and CuP. Hindwings similar to forewings, but markings more weakly expressed. Abdomen . T1–T5 brown ( Fig. 4a & e ). Male A6 mostly brown, bordered with yellowish brown caudally; A7– A8 yellowish brown ( Fig. 4f ). Notal organ triangular, with apex rounded and hirsute, extending caudad nearly half length of T4; T4 membranous anteriorly with flat, hirsute post-notal organ ( Fig. 4e ). Male genitalia . Yellowish brown. Hypandrium with a basal stalk and a pair of distal hypovalves, basal stalk twice the length of hypovalves; hypovalves extending to caudal end of gonocoxite, tapering toward apex and twisted ventro-mesad, bearing indistinct basal hypandrial processes ( Fig. 4g ); in lateral aspect, hypovalves only slightly expanded at apex, hypandrial processes only indicated by indistinct protuberances ( Fig. 4i ). Epandrium tapering toward apex, truncate apically ( Fig. 4h ), bearing a pair of elongated epandrial lobes that are curved ventromesad apically ( Fig. 4i ). Gonostylus brown, median tooth bluntly triangular; basal lobe cup-like with dense setae, strongly concave, with small process at apex, bearing a line of dorsal setae ( Fig. 4k ). Ventral valves of aedeagus broadly lobed, projected ventrally ( Fig. 5b ); dorsal valves short and stout, concealed in ventral aspect ( Fig. 5a–c ). Paramere with basal stalk, and bifurcated distally into ventral and dorsal branches; ventral branch slender, indistinct, closely appressed to ventral valve ( Fig. 5a ); dorsal branch elongated dorso-laterally; lateral process broad, curved ventro-mesally, rounded apically; dorsal process small, triangular ( Fig. 5a–c ). Female ( Paratype ) ( Fig. 4b ). Similar wing pattern and body coloration as in the male, but pterostigmal band more distinct. A1–A5 brown, A6–A9 yellowish brown with distal portion half darkened or tinged with dark brown ( Fig. 4b ). Subgenital plate elliptical, grayish brown, with deep V-shaped emargination ( Fig. 5d ). Genital plate ( Fig. 5e–g ) with axis oval-shaped in apical half, not extending anteriorly beyond main plate; posterior arms welldeveloped, spatulate, twisted at basal third, slightly convergent at apex. FIGURE 5. Neopanorpa semiorbiculata sp. n. (a)–(c) Male aedeagal complex, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views; (d) Female subgenital plate, ventral view; (e)–(g) Female genital plate, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ax, axis; bsp, basal stalk of parameres; db, dorsal branch of parameres; dp, dorsal process; dv, dorsal valves; lp, lateral process; mp, main plate; pa, posterior arms; vb, ventral branch of parameres; vv, ventral valves. Scale bars: a–c, e–g = 0.1 mm; d = 0.25 mm. Measurements. Male ( n = 8), forewing length 12.64 ± 0.40 mm , width 3.03 ± 0.13 mm ; hindwing length 11.58 ± 0.47 mm , width 2.82 ± 0.13 mm . Female ( n = 5), forewing length 12.17 ± 0.14 mm , width 2.85 ± 0.07 mm ; hindwing length 11.07 ± 0.17 mm , width 2.66 ± 0.08 mm . Variability. Some individuals with more reduced markings, apical band fainter, pterostigmal band only indicated by a large square spot along posterior margin in cells M3 and M4. Remarks. This new species resembles N. terminata Byers, 1999 in wing markings, but differs distinctly in female subgenital plate and genital plate.