High species diversity of the genus Neopanorpa (Mecoptera: Panorpidae) in Yunnan Province, China Author Wang, Meng Author Hua, Bao-Zhen text Zootaxa 2018 2018-09-20 4483 1 journal volume 29518 10.11646/zootaxa.4483.1.2 e7c82ac0-d5ec-43de-939d-8d5fab040ee4 1175-5326 1437468 9BF000A2-7D47-475A-98F4-09844FAB64F0 Neopanorpa triangulata sp. n. ( Figs. 2a , 8–9 ) LSID: urn: lsid: zoobank.org: act: F935F40F-DDEE-4339-BC7E-8CC66A588284 Material examined. Holotype ♂ , CHINA : Yunnan : Yongde County : Tangli Mountain ( 24°01′17″N , 99°14′23″E , elev. 1400–2000 m ), 26.vii.2015 , leg. Ji-Shen Wang, ME 000056 ( NWAFU ) . Paratypes 1♂ 7♀ , same data as holotype, ME000056 –ME000063 (NWAFU); 2♂ 2♀ , CHINA : Yunnan : Yingjiang County : Tongbiguan Nature Reserve , 20.v.2009 , leg. Jie Zeng & Man-Man Wang , ME000064 –ME000067 (NWAFU); 4♂ 1♀ , CHINA : Yunnan : Cangyuan County : Mengdong town (elev. 1320 m ), 06.v.2016 , ME000068 –ME000072 (NWAFU); 3♂ 1♀ , CHINA : Yunnan : Ximeng County (elev. 1230 m ), 30.iv.2016 , ME000073 –ME000076 (NWAFU); 1♂ 1♀ , CHINA : Yunnan : Longling County : Pingda (elev. 1590 m ), 30.v.2011 , leg. Lin Lyu, ME 00 0 0 77 ( NWAFU ) ; 1♂ , CHINA : Yunnan : Ruili County (elev. 1170 m ), 22.v.2016 , ME000078 ( NWAFU ) . Diagnosis. Neopanorpa triangulata sp. n. can be readily differentiated from its congeners by the following characters: (1) Epandrial lobe broad subrectangular ( Fig. 8i ); (2) aedeagus with ventral valves divergent at apex; ventral branch of paramere large, arc-shaped in apical half ( Fig. 9a & b ); (3) in female genital plate, caudal apex of axis acute and projected, posterior arms slightly inclined dorsad in lateral aspect ( Fig. 9f ). Etymology. The specific name is derived from Latin triangulata (triangular), referring to the triangular shape of the notal organ. Description. Holotype ( Fig. 2a , 8a ). Head ( Fig. 8c ). Vertex and ocellar triangle brownish black. Rostrum yellow with two brown longitudinal stripes along clypeus; mouthparts brown at apex. Thorax ( Fig. 8d ). Pronotum brown, with a row of setae along anterior margin. Mesonotum brown anteriorly, tapering caudad as median band to scutellum, leaving yellowish round patches adjacent to wing bases; metanotum with similar pattern. FIGURE 8. Neopanorpa triangulata sp. n. (a) Male, dorsal view; (b) Female, dorsal view; (c) Head, frontal view; (d) Thorax, dorsal view; (e) Notal organ, dorsal view; (f) A5–A9, lateral view; (g) Male genital bulb, ventral view; (h) Male genital bulb, dorsal view; (i) Male epandrium and hypandrium, lateral view; (j) Gonostylus, ventral view; (k) Gonostylus, dorsal view. For abbreviations see legends of Figure 4. Scale bars: a–b = 5 mm; c–e, g–i = 0.5 mm; f = 1 mm; j–k = 0.25 mm. Wings ( Fig. 8a ). Membrane hyaline with grayish brown markings; R2 bifurcated. In forewings, apical band elliptical, running diagonally from end of R1, not beyond end of M1; pterostigmal band broad at base, with apical branch absent and basal branch running obliquely to posterior margin; submedian band interrupted into two spots. Hindwings similar to forewings, except for lacking submedian band. Abdomen . TI–T5 dark brown ( Fig. 8a & e ). Male A6 dark brown bordered with yellowish brown caudally, A7– A8 yellowish brown ( Fig. 8f ). Notal organ triangular, extending caudad slightly less than half length of T4; T4 membranous anteriorly, bearing hirsute flat post-notal organ ( Fig. 8e ). FIGURE 9. Neopanorpa triangulata sp. n. (a)–(c) Male aedeagal complex, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views; (d) Female subgenital plate, ventral view; (e)–(g) Female genital plate, ventral, lateral, and dorsal views. For abbreviations see legends of Figure 5. Scale bars: a–c = 0.1 mm; d = 0.25 mm; e–g = 0.2 mm. Male genitalia . Yellowish brown. Hypandrium with a basal stalk and a pair of distal hypovalves, basal stalk twice the length of hypovalves; hypovalves membranous in apical half, reaching median tooth of gonostylus, twisted ventro-mesad and strongly curved downwards at apices, bearing small hypandrial processes ( Fig. 8g ); in lateral aspect, hypovalves subtriangular apically, hypandrial processes indistinct ( Fig. 8i ). Epandrium tapering toward apex, shallowly emarginated, bearing large subrectangular epandrial lobes ( Fig. 8h & i ). Gonostylus brown, median tooth blunt; basal lobe cup-like with numerous long setae ventrally, concave, with small blunt process at apex, bearing a line of dorsal setae ( Fig. 8j & k ). Ventral valves of aedeagus broad-lobed, divergent at apex; dorsal valves stout, concealed in ventral aspect ( Fig. 9a–c ). Paramere with long basal stalk, and bifurcated distally into ventral branch and dorsal branch; ventral branch slender, arc-shaped, curved dorsad ( Fig. 9b ); dorsal branch short; lateral process broad, curved ventro-mesad, with rounded apex; dorsal process triangular, slightly projecting dorsad ( Fig. 9b & c ). Female ( Paratype ) ( Fig. 8b ). Similar wing pattern and body coloration as in the male. T1–T6 dark brown, remaining segments yellowish brown ( Fig. 8b ). Subgenital plate elliptical, with deep V-shaped emargination and several distal setae ( Fig. 9d ). Genital plate with axis broad, extending anteriorly for half length beyond main plate, slightly forked proximally; posterior arms broadly spatulate, twisted and narrowed subbasally, with rounded apex ( Fig. 9e–g ). Measurements. Male ( n = 10), forewing length 13.32 ± 0.49 mm , width 2.96 ± 0.16 mm ; hindwing length 12.31 ± 0.54 mm , width 2.82 ± 0.18 mm . Female ( n = 5), forewing length 13.29 ± 0.52 mm , width 3.11 ± 0.12 mm ; hindwing length 12.13 ± 0.46 mm , width 2.80 ± 0.11 mm . Variability. Some individuals without submedian band in forewings. Remarks. Neopanorpa triangulata sp. n. resembles N. similis Byers, 1999 in female subgenital plate and genital plate, but differs in the pattern of rostrum and wing markings. Also, despite the name given, it should be noted that this species is not unique in expressing a triangular notal organ (in N. magnatitilana , for example, and a few other species, the notal organ is also triangular).