New species of Anthurium sect. Calomystrium (Araceae) from Colombia
Author
Sierra-Giraldo, Julio Andrés
0000-0002-3016-102X
Herbario Universidad de Caldas-FAUC, Calle 65 No. 26 - 10, Manizales, Colombia & Fundación Conservación de la Selva Colombiana, Manizales, Colombia & andresierra 25 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3016 - 102 X
andresierra25@gmail.com
Author
Orozco-A, Jairo Andrés
0000-0003-2646-1705
Herbario Universidad de Caldas-FAUC, Calle 65 No. 26 - 10, Manizales, Colombia & Fundación Conservación de la Selva Colombiana, Manizales, Colombia & jairoan 345 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2646 - 1705
jairoan345@gmail.com
Author
Trujillo-Trujillo, Edwin
0000-0002-5601-540X
Laboratorio de Agrobiodiversidad y Malherbologia LAMUA, Universidad de la Amazonia, Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia & etrujillot @ uniamazonia. edu. co; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 5601 - 540 X
etrujillot@uniamazonia.edu.co
Author
Castaño-Rubiano, Natalia
0000-0002-4517-4894
Herbario Universidad de Caldas-FAUC, Calle 65 No. 26 - 10, Manizales, Colombia & Estudiante de doctorado en Ciencias-Biología, Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia & Grupo de investigación BIONAT, Biodiversidad y Recursos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia & natalia. castano _ r @ ucaldas. edu. co; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4517 - 4894
natalia.castano_r@ucaldas.edu.co
text
Phytotaxa
2022
2022-08-29
560
1
119
127
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.560.1.10
journal article
133185
10.11646/phytotaxa.560.1.10
2e93aacd-85dc-4bea-bf1f-0fa0725968d4
1179-3163
7031129
Anthurium viridiflavum
Sierra-Giraldo
, Orozco-A, Edwin Trujillo & Castaño-Rubiano,
sp. nov.
Anthurium viridiflavum
is characterized by its nomadic vine habit, long stems, persisting and intact cataphylls, elongated internodes
2.97−9.03 cm
, deltoid, lanceolate or trullate leaf blades of
11.06−15.07 cm
long, cuneate, subcordate or truncate at base, inflorecences with a decurrent stipe, erect spathes of
2.06−3.23 cm
wide, and white spadices with 4−6 flowers visible in the principal spiral and flowers
6−8 in
the alternate spiral.
Type:—
COLOMBIA
.
Caldas
:
Municipio
de Samaná
, path toward
Parque Nacional Natural Selva de Florencia
,
San Lucas
locality,
5°31.209’N
,
75°03,172’W
,
1700 m
,
15 February 2021
, (fl.),
N. Castaño−Rubiano
2298 (
holotype
FAUC!−30452, isotypes HUA!).
Figures 1
,
2
,
3
,
4
.
Nomadic vine.
Internodes
2.97–9.03 cm
long,
0.30–0.68 cm
diam.
Cataphylls
1.2–4.9 cm
long, with two ribs, green when young, brownish when mature, thick and persistent, intact, lanceolate, cuspidate at apex.
Petioles
8.2–18.7 cm
long,
0.16–0.38 cm
diam., subterete, sulcate adaxially;
geniculum
light green,
0.85–1.23 cm
long,
0.10–0.23 cm
diam.
Blades
11.06–15.07 ×
4.39–7.55 cm
, deltoid, lanceolate or trullate, subcordate or truncated at base, acuminate, caudate or cuspidate at apex, coriaceous, glossy above, somewhat glossy below, drying olive-green to brown above and below;
upper surface
densely cover with pale lineations;
lower surface
densely punctate by druses;
midrib
thicker than broad above, slightly angular below, clearer and matte above and below;
basal veins
2–3 pairs, free;
primary lateral veins
6–12 pairs, arising at a 45–46° angle; concave above, narrowly convex below;
secondary veins
sunken below, slightly raised below;
tertiary veins
inconspicuous above and below;
collective veins
arising from the first pair of basal veins, extending along the margin at
0.15–0.45 mm
distance.
Inflorescences
erect.
Peduncles
3.8–8.7 cm
long, 0.09–0.22 diam., cylindrical, light green.
Spathe
s
4.35−6.78 cm
long ×
2.06–3.23 cm
diam., coriaceous, ovate or ovate-elliptic, green at base, light green-yellowish to creamy-colored, cuspidate at apex, smooth surface with 6–8 conspicuous longitudinal veins at 75–90° angle of insertion.
Stipe
0.73–1.71 cm
long in the naked part,
0.12−0.26 cm
diam., decurrent half or 1/3 of its length, light green.
Spadix
1.80–2.79 cm
long,
0.46−0.50 cm
diam., cylindrical, creamy-white.
Flowers
0.20–0.29 cm
long ×
0.28–0.34 cm
wide, 4–6 visible in the principal spiral and
6−8 in
the alternate spiral, rhomboid, longer in the perpendicular direction of the inflorescence.
Berries
4.8 mm
long,
3.4 mm
diam., ovoid, pale green;
seeds
3.2 mm
long,
1.6 mm
diam., ellipsoid, flattened towards the raphe.
Distribution and habitat
:
—This species is endemic to
Colombia
, and is only known from the Central Andes in the Department of
Caldas
, in the town of Florencia (Samaná). The elevational range of the species is between
1300– 1700 m
., in clearings and forest edges.
Phenology
:
—Flowering in February and July, fruiting in February.
Conservation status
:—
Anthurium viridiflavum
is only known from two localities in the Central Andes, one at Parque Nacional Natural Selva de Florencia (Samaná,
Caldas
) and the other in roadside forests between Florencia and El Congal (Samaná,
Caldas
). Due to the lack of demographic and habitat information of the species, we propose
A. viridiflavum
to be listed as “Data Deficient’’ (DD) (
IUCN 2019
).
Etymology
:
—The epithet
viridiflavum
comes from the Latin “
viridis
” (green) and “
flavus
” (yellow) referring to the green−yellow color of the spathe.
Additional specimen examined (
paratypes
):
—
COLOMBIA
.
Caldas
:
Municipio de Samaná
: road
between Florencia and El Congal
, 05° 36’11.3’ N, 75° 00’ 59.4 W,
1300 m
,
7 July 2020
(fl.),
J. A. Sierra−Giraldo
&
J.A. Orozco−A
1563
(FAUC!,
HUAZ
!);
Path toward
Parque Nacional Natural Selva de Florencia
, San Lucas locality,
5°31.505’ N
,
75°02.504 W
,
1700 m
,
15 February 2021
(fl., fr.),
N. Castaño-Rubiano
2297
(FAUC!)
.
Discussion
:—
Anthurium viridiflavum
belongs to the
Calomystrium
section, due to the presence of intact, persistent cataphylls along the stem, bright spadix or flowers and thick spathes. Additionally, it does not present glandular punctations and has notorious raphidia (pale lineations) on the leaf blades (
Croat & Sheffer 1983
).
This species comprises a combination of unique characters which are not present in any other species of section
Calomystrium
, such as long stems, elongated internodes and non-cordate leaf blades. Considering the shape of the leaf blade,
A. viridiflavum
could be morphologically related to
A. mariae
Croat & Lingán (2005a: 49)
from
Peru
.
Anthurium viridiflavum
differs from
A. mariae
in having longer internodes (
2.97–9.03 cm
vs.
1.6 cm
long in
A. mariae
), shorter petioles (
8.2–18.7 cm
vs.
46.6–75.4 cm
long), smaller leaf blades (
11.06–15.07 cm
vs.
21.6–32.5 cm
long), deltoid, lanceolate or trullate blades which are cuneate, subcordate or truncate at base (vs narrow lanceolate blades which are subcordate at base), shorter peduncles (
3.8–8.7 cm
vs.
41.1–64.2 cm
long), decurrent stipe (vs. non-decurrent), wider spathes (
2.06–3.23 cm
vs
0.6–0.8 cm
wide), and spadices with 4–6 flowers visible in the principal spiral (vs. 10–11 flowers) and 6–8 flowers in the alternate spiral (vs. 14–15 flowers).
A. viridiflavum
could be morphologically related to
A. palacioanum
Croat (2007: 32)
from
Ecuador
but
A. viridiflavum
differs from
A. palacioanum
by nomadic vine habit (vs. rupicola), cataphylls
1.2–4.9 cm
long persistent, intact (vs.
1 cm
intact with pale fibers at base, apparently deciduous), deltoid, lanceolate or trullate blades which are cuneate, subcordate or truncate at base (vs. ovate-rhombic blades which obtuse to almost truncate at base), shorter peduncles (
3.8–8.7 cm
vs.
31 cm
long), wider spathes (
2.06–3.23 cm
vs.
1 cm
wide), ovate or ovate-elliptic, erect (vs. spathe green, oblong-lanceolate, erect-spreading to reflexed).