Emballonuridae
Author
Bonaccorso, Frank
text
2019
2019-10-31
Lynx Edicions
Barcelona
Editor
Wilson, Don E.
Editor
Mittermeier, Russel A.
Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats
350
373
book chapter
23117
10.5281/zenodo.3740269
34e4a5a6-881c-4a1a-b64d-6868e12df7fb
978-84-16728-19-0
3740269
48
.
Common Shaggy Bat
Centronycteris maximiliani
French:
Centronyctère de Maximilian I
German
:
Maximilian-Spornscheidenschwanz
I
Spanish
:
Centronicterio
de
Maximilian
Other common names:
Maximilian's
Shaggy Bat
Taxonomy
.
Vespertilio
maximiliani J.
B
. Fischer, 1829
,
“
In ora orientali Brasiliae [= on the eastern edge of Brazil].” Restricted by M. P. zu Wied-Neuwied in 1826 to Fazenda Coroaba, Rio Jucu, near Rio do Espirito Santo
,
Brazil
.
This species was
originally
named
Proboscidea calcarata
and its type locality described as “Ostküste von Brasilien” (= east coast of Brazil) by H. R. Schinz in 1821, but the specific
epithet
was preoccupied by
Vespertilio
calcaratus
named by. S. Rafinesque in 1818. Wied-Neuwied in 1826 restricted Schinz’s original type locality beforeJ. B. Fischer in 1829 provided the replacement name
maxmzZiam
and
presumably
paraphrased Schinz’s type locality. Monotypic.
Distribution.
SE Colombia, S Venezuela, the Guianas, NW & N Brazil, and NE Peru, also in E & SE Brazil as far S as Vitória, Espirito Santo State.
Descriptive notes.
Head—body
43—61 mm, tail 20—26 mm, ear 14-17 mm, hindfoot 6 7 mm, forearm 41-5-44-7 mm; weight: 4-5—9 g. Long, shaggy dorsal fur of the Common Shaggy Bat is orange-brown; venter is
slightly
paler. Eyes are large, with dark brown irises. Ears are long, rise well above crown, and are pointed at apex. Inner surface of pinna is heavily ribbed for most ofits length. Tragus is equally broad as long. Tip of muzzle and nostrils extend slightly forward of lower lip. Facial region is
heavily
furred, with little exposed skin visible. Edge of wing membrane attaches to side of foot at metacarpal-phalangeal joint. Small P1, large basisphenoid pits not extending beyond hamular
processes of
pterygoids, and rostrum with dorso-lateral swelling at base of postorbital process differentiate the Common Shaggy Bat from congeneric Thomas’s Shaggy Bat (
C. centralis').
Habitat
. Primary and
secondary
rainforests from sea level to elevations of at least 200 m, including white sand forest in Peru; poorly drained lowland forests dominated
by Morai,
Pentaclethra
(both
Fabaceae
), and
Licania
(Chrysobalanaceae)
; and welldrained forests dominated by
Chlorocardium
(Lauraceae)
,
Eperua
(Fabaceae)
, and
Eschweilera
(Lecythidaceae)
.
Food and Feeding
.
The Common Shaggy Bat pursues aerial insects with slow, fluttering flight.
Breeding
. One lactating Common Shaggy Bat was recorded in mid-February in central Brazil.
Activity patterns.
Common Shaggy Bats are crepuscular and have been observed flying in late afternoon as
early
as 17:00 h.
They
roost in hollow trees and on undersides of large leaves and tree trunks. Roosts are 3-10 m aboveground.
Movements, Home range and Social organization.
Roost reports are uncommon but include a
solitary
adult male near Iquitos, Peru. Observations of Common Shaggy Bats
regularly
using the same spatial areas for foraging
suggest
that individuals use core areas in established home ranges over a long period of time.
Status and Conservation
.
Classified as Least Concern on
The IUCN Red List.
The Common Shaggy Bat has a large distribution and
recently
appeared in some echolocation surveys as being locally common.
Bibliography.
Eisenberg (1989), Emmons &
eer
(1997), Fischer (1829), Hice & Solari (2002), Hood & Gardner (2008), Rafinesque (1818), Schinz (1821), Simmons & Handley (1998), Thomas (1912
c
),
Wied-Neuwied
(1826).