Review of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) in Laos Author Choi, Jinyeong Author Soysouvanh, Pheophanh Author Lee, Seunghwan Author Hong, Ki-Jeong text Zootaxa 2018 2018-08-17 4460 1 1 62 journal article 29001 10.11646/zootaXa.4460.1.1 84973bd6-9d66-4172-8f50-2a482edccf2a 1175-5326 1459506 DB841017-698F-4D44-A633-461D350DC984 Ceroplastes ceriferus ( Fabricius, 1798 ) ( Figs 6 , 7 ) Coccus ceriferus Fabricius, 1798 : 546 . Diagnosis. Body covered with thick white wax forming a distinct dorsal horn at maturity ( Fig. 6A ). Dorsum with Ceroplastes - type pores of 4 types present: mono-, bi-, tri- and quadrilocular pores ( Fig. 7B ); bi- or trilocular pores abundant; anal plates each with 4 apical setae; and dorsal setae variable, usually blunt, evenly distributed on dorsum except for clear areas ( Fig. 7A ). Marginal setae spinose, each with a pointed apex; with 2–4 setae present between anterior and posterior stigmatic clefts ( Fig. 7K ). Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with conical or bulletshaped stigmatic spines, arranged in a triangular area composed of about 6 setal rows ( Figs 6C , 7C ). Venter with multilocular disc-pores present on all abdominal segments, with a few pores present laterad of meta-, meso- and procoxa ( Fig. 7F ); tubular ducts each with a very narrow inner ductule, present on submarginal area of posterior abdomen and head ( Fig. 7G ); antenna 6 segmented ( Figs 6D , 7L ); and legs without tibio-tarsal articulatory scleroses ( Figs 6E , 7H ) (partially adopted from Hodgson & Peronti 2012 ). Material examined. 4 ♀♀, LAOS, Paksong Dist., Champasak Prov., 30.vii.2016 , coll. P.P. Soysouvanh, on Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae) . Hosts. Polyphagous. According to ScaleNet ( García Morales et al . 2016 ), C. ceriferus has been recorded from plants belonging to 80 genera in 52 families. In Laos , it has been recorded on Dracaena sp. ( Asparagaceae ) and Ficus sp. ( Moraceae ) ( Suh & Bombay 2015 ). Distribution. All zoogeographical regions; Oriental Region ( India , Indonesia , Laos , Malaysia , Philippines , Taiwan , Thailand and Vietnam ) ( Suh & Bombay 2015 ; García Morales et al . 2016 ). Economic importance. Although C. ceriferus may be not a serious pest, some authors note that it can cause damage to numerous ornamental plants by producing honeydew, which fosters the development of sooty mold ( Williams & Kosztarab 1972 ; Hamon & Williams 1984 ; Hodgson & Henderson 2000 ). Sooty mold blocks light and air from the leaves, impairing photosynthesis. FIGURE 6. Ceroplastes ceriferus (Fabricius, 1798) . A, adult female in life; B, slide-mounted adult female; C, stigmatic spines; D, antenna; E, leg. Scale lines for B = 0.5 mm; C = 50 µm; D, E = 100 µm. Remarks. Ceroplastes ceriferus is closely related to C. pseudoceriferus Green , as indicated by only a narrow genetic distance in the DNA barcode region of COI ( Deng et al . 2012 ; Lee et al . 2012 ); but these species differ morphologically in the number of marginal setae. Ceroplastes ceriferus has fewer than 15 slender marginal setae between the anterior stigmatic clefts, and about 3 marginal setae between the anterior and posterior stigmatic clefts on each side; whereas C. pseudoceriferus has about 40 marginal setae between the anterior stigmatic clefts, and about 10 marginal setae between the anterior and posterior stigmatic clefts on each side ( Gimpel et al . 1974 ; Hodgson & Peronti 2012 ).