New species, misidentifications and problematic taxonomy of some Atlantic South American marine mollusks: a review Author Simone, Luiz Ricardo L. text Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 2024 2024-08-09 64 1 104 https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2024.64.031 journal article 10.11606/1807-0205/2024.64.031 1807-0205 14705562 Goniofusus strigatus ( Philippi, 1850 ) ( Figs. 27-30 ) Fusus strigatus Philippi, 1850: 116-117 (pl. 5, fig. 3); Lyons & Snyder, 2019: 15-17 , 34. Fusinus brasiliensis : Morretes, 1949: 100 ; Rios, 2009: 249 (fig.); Couto & Simone, 2019: 43-44 (figs. 1F, 9C, 11B, 1 3B, 30C, 31C) (non Grabau, 1904 ). Fusinus strigatus : Rios, 1970: 97 (pl. 29), 1975: 105 (pl. 30, fig.447),1985:108(pl.37,fig.478),2009:251(fig.); Petuch & Berschauer,2016:262 ; Lyons & Snyder,2019: 20 . Fusinus marmoratus : Petuch & Berschauer, 2016: 262 (non Philippi, 1851). Goniofusus strigatus : Vermeij & Snyder, 2018: 62-63 ; MolluscaBase, 2023. Type : Unknown. Type locality: Not stated. Diagnosis: Shell usually of ~ 70 mm . Spire narrow, ~40°; axial sculpture reaching last whorl in same intensity as in spire. Specimens with angulated whorls, rounded whorls, and intermediary whorls in approximately in same records. Sculpture more intense and uniform. Differential redescription: Shell about 70 mm . Elongat- ed, ~3 times longer than wide; spire~41% of total length, last whorl ~56% of total length. Spire angle ~40°. Spire up to 9 convex whorls; suture well-marked, with angle ~90°. Protoconch ( Fig. 27 G-H) of 2 whorls, first whorl smooth, bulged, second whorl with same size as preceding whorl, with gradual appearing of axial riblets in last half whorl, each riblets interspaced by equivalent width as their width, interspaces fulfilled by minute spiral striae. Transition protoconch-teleoconch abrupt, orthocline ( Fig. 27H ). Sculpture 9-10 low spiral cords, of rounded profile, interspaces equivalent to half their width; additionally strong, wide axial undulations ( 10 in penultimate whorl), being taller at middle, in which spiral cords may be rounded ( Fig. 27 D-E), up to forming blunt beaks ( Fig. 27 A-C), with some intermediary specimens ( Fig. 27F ); axial undulations persisting up to aperture. Last whorl with ~12 spiral cords similar to those of preceding whorls; same sculpture along siphon, as oblique cords ( Fig. 27C, E ); associated 9-10 string axial undulations similar to those of spire. Aperture elliptic, ~1.6 limes longer than wide; anal notch almost absent. Canal relatively cylindric, straight, with 30% of shell length, and ~30% of last whorl width in its base. Outer lip simply arched or angular, weakly sinuous because of spiral sculpture; inner lip weakly concave, callus narrow, thin, not exceeding apertural limit. Umbilicus very narrow in siphon base. Figure 27. Goniofusus strigatus Shells and other hard parts:(A) Illustration by Philippi(1850 :pl.5,fig.3),representing his Fusus strigatus . (B-F)3 shells of G.strigatus MZSP 131745, from Bahia;(B) shell #1 similar to Philippi′s (1850) illustration, the carinate form, frontal view (L 69.4 mm); (C) same,dorsal view; (D) shell #2, the rounded form, frontal view (L 72.7 mm); (E) same, dorsal view; (F) shell #3, intermediary form, frontal view (L 64.1 mm); (G-H) apex in SEM, apical and profile, scale:=1 mm;(I-J) MZSP 55465,largest examined shell from Bahia (L 119.6 mm),frontal and dorsal views;(K-L) MZSP159290,from Bahia (L 95.3mm),frontal and dorsal views;(M-N)MZSP71779,from Espírito Santo(L 77.4mm),frontal and dorsal views;(O) MZSP72753,from Rio de Janeiro(L 55.7 mm),frontal view.(P)radula in SEM,panoramic view,scale:= 200 µm;(Q) same,detail of central region;(R-S) operculum,outer and inner views,scale:= 5 mm. Figure 28. Goniofusus strigatus anatomical drawings:(A) head-foot,male,frontal view;(B) foot and columellar muscle,female,longitudinal section along medial line; (C) pallial cavity and partially uncoiled visceral mass, male, mostly ventral view; (D) transverse section of pallial roof in middle level of osphradium, male. Scales:= 2 mm (courtesy Diogo Couto,published under permission). Lettering:aa,anterior aorta;an, anus;cg,cement gland; cm,columellar muscle; cv,ctenidial vein;dg,digestive gland;es,esophagus;ey,eye;fs,foot sole;ft,foot;gi, gill; hg,hypobranchial gland;ki, kidney;mb,mantle border;mt,mantle;ne, nephrostome; op, operculum; os, osphradium; oy, opercular pad; pe, penis; pg, pedal gland; pr, propodium; pt, prostate;py, pallial cavity; rt, rectum; si, siphon; st, stomach; sv, seminal vesicle;te,cephalic tentacle;ts, testis. Operculum ( Fig. 27K, L ): Similar to preceding species. Differing in being lighter brown ( Fig. 27D, F ). Nucleus more centrally positioned. Concentric lines in scar more numerous ( Fig. 27L ). Head ~half of head-foot width ( Fig. 28A ); cephalic tentacles (te) more elongated. Head flap-like ( Fig. 29A ). Females with more widely opened cement gland ( Fig. 27B : cg). Siphon stubby, very muscular ( Fig. 28C : si), with strong elongated base anterior to gill. Gill ( Fig. 28C : gi) slightly broader than osphradium (os), ~40% longer, with right-triangle-shaped filament ( Fig. 28D ). Osphradium symmetric ( Fig. 28D : os), with pointed filaments. Proboscis long, slightly broad- er ( Fig. 29A, B, D : pb). Rhynchostome as small pore ( Fig. 29A : ry). Odontophore elongated, similar to preceding species ( Fig. 29A, B ), except for bifurcation of m11 being in its middle level ( Fig. 30B : m11), and longer exposition of radular sac along m2a ( Fig. 30A ). Figure 29. Goniofusus strigatus anatomical drawings: (A) Head, ventral view, foot and columellar muscle removed, scale: = 5 mm; (B) foregut uncoiled, mostly ventral view,scale:= 5 mm; (C) buccal mass,right view,esophagus deflected,scale:= 2 mm;(D) entire proboscis,dorsal view,distal region opened longitudinally, scale: = 2 mm; (E) buccal mass, right view,opened along right wall,Scale: = 2 mm; (F) detail of opened dorsal wall of esophagus,scale: = 1 mm (courtesy Diogo Couto,published under permission).Lettering:aa,anterior aorta;ea,anterior esophagus;em,mid esophagus;ep,posterior esophagus ey,eye;gl,gland of Leiblein; ld, duct of gland of Leiblein;m2, buccal mas retractor muscles; m3-m9, intrinsic odontophore muscles; mo, mouth; nr, nerve ring; od, odontophore; ot, oral tube; pb,proboscis;ra,radula;rm,proboscis retractor muscles;rw,rhynchodeal wall;ry,rhynchostome;sa,salivary aperture;sc,subradular cartilage;sd,salivary duct;sg, salivary gland;sy,statocyst;te, tentacle;tg,integument;vl, valve of Leiblein. Radula ( Fig. 27I,J ) similar to that of G.phoenix , distinctions following. Rachidian having 3 terminal,larger, more spaced cusps, and narrower basal reinforcement. Lateral teeth slightly more arched, having less – 11 – cusps, being middle cusps more elongated. Mid esophagus with valve of Leiblein proportionally smaller ( Fig. 29B ). Pair of salivary gland ducts running attached to esophageal wall short distance anterior to valve ( Fig. 29B, C, F : sd). Salivary aperture much more anteriorized in dorsal surface of buccal cavity ( Fig. 29E : sa). Gland of Leiblein ( Fig. 29B : gl) of medium size, broad anteriorly, abruptly filiform posteriorly; its duct (ld) broader. Penis relatively small ( Fig.28A :pe), with base wide, tapering gradually up to pointed tip ( Fig. 30C ), lacking terminal papilla; penis duct (pd) totally closed (tubular). Nerve ring ( Fig. 29B : nr) similar to preceding species. Distribution: Alagoas to north Rio de Janeiro coasts.