Philippiphonteaspidosoma gen. et sp. n., a radically divergent member of the Laophontidae from shell gravel in the East Sea, South Korea, including a review of Folioquinpes Fiers & Rutledge, 1990 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida)
Author
Huys, Rony
Author
Lee, Jimin
text
ZooKeys
2018
775
15
46
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.775.26404
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.775.26404
1313-2970-775-15
5387E8BE81B0431186755D5611C98C5C
Folioquinpes chathamensis (Sars, 1905)
Laophonte chathamensis
Sars, 1905
Folioquinpes chathamensis
(Sars, 1905)
Fiers and Rutledge (1990)
Onychocamptus
spec. sensu
Mielke (1981)
:
Fiers and Rutledge (1990)
Original description.
Sars (1905)
: 391-393; Plate 17 (figs 103-118).
Additional description.
Mielke (1981
as
Onychocamptus
spec.): 52; Abb. 28.
Type locality.
New Zealand, Chatham Islands, Wharekauri (= Chatham Island), Te Whanga Lagoon; shallow brackish water.
Body length.
480
μm
(♀), slightly smaller (♂) [
Sars 1905
]; 430-450
μm
(♀) [
Mielke 1981
].
Remarks.
Fiers and Rutledge (1990)
stated that armature and shape of the male P5 differed between
F. chathamensis
and
F. mangalis
.
Sars's
(1905)
text description is not informative with regard to the number and position of armature elements. His figure (figure 118) suggests that the P5 is distinctly bilobate, having one endopodal and three exopodal setae. However, the accompanying figure legend states that the left member is illustrated, implying that Sars had figured it in dorsal aspect. The
"endopodal"
seta is therefore the outer basal arising from a setophore (and not an endopodal lobe). Comparison with
F. mangalis
also suggests that there are only two exopodal elements, the third one representing the sensilla originating from a lateral tubercle. Based on this reinterpretation there is probably no difference in male P5 morphology between both species. The absence of the typical baseoendopodal incision in the female P5, separating the endopodal lobe and the pedestal bearing the exopod, is also attributable to an observational error by
Sars (1905
: Taf. 17, fig. 116).
Folioquinpes chathamensis
resembles
F. indicus
sp. n. in the absence of spinules along the anterior margin of the rostrum, the 5-segmented condition of the female antennule, the presence of three inner setae on the distal endopodal segment of leg 3, and of the inner seta on the middle exopodal segment of legs 3-4. The alternative states, including the 4-segmented female antennule, are displayed in the other two species of the genus (Table 1).
Hamond (in
Hicks 1977a
: 457) collected
F. chathamensis
near Sydney and Melbourne while
Newton and Mitchell (1999)
obtained it in mud samples from the Hopkins River estuary in south-western Victoria. It remains unclear whether
Lewis's
(1984)
single record from an estuarine lagoon in New Zealand is new or refers to
Sars's
(1905)
type locality.
Fiers (1995)
recorded the species from the
'aufwuchs'
covering submerged mangrove pneumatophores in the
Celestun
Lagoon, northwest of the
Yucatan
Peninsula (Mexico).
Gomez
and Morales-Serna (2013)
erroneously cited
Suarez-Morales
et al. (2009)
as the source for the Gulf of Mexico record but their checklist only refers to
Fiers and
Rutledge's
(1990)
record of
F. mangalis
from Louisiana. The latter authors also examined material from Guadeloupe, Papua New Guinea and Taal (
Bombon
) Lake, a freshwater lake on the island of Luzon in the Philippines (Fiers, unpubl. data).
Mielke (1981
,
2003
) found the species in a sandy beach in
Bahia
Academy (Santa Cruz),
Galapagos
. A single African outlier has been reported from the brackish coastal
Ebrie
Lagoon in Ivory Coast (
Dumont and Maas 1988
). The records by
Ruehe
(1914)
and
Sewell (1924)
refer to other species (see below).
Newton and Mitchell (1999)
observed during estuarine mud incubation experiments that
F. chathamensis
developed to egg-bearing female stage in only six days at 20°C, suggesting that dormancy occurred at an advanced copepodid stage rather than the egg.