<document id="3CE4044ADF99265B746FF707A318D7DE" ID-CLB-Dataset="306474" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b349e73d-c49e-418c-81f7-c5d32e136362" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385386" ID-ZooBank="2DB3A5B7-4292-4CD9-B6D8-FA97EB48DD16" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1733917054948" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Moghaddam, Masumeh &amp; Watson, Gillian W." docDate="2024" docId="981B8798FF1839C792DA91BA37A8DFB2" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5542.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5542 (1)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5542.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Rhizococcus reynei" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="6422FFE0FF9D394F924D97543531DD43" masterDocTitle="The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families" masterLastPageNumber="202" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="134" updateTime="1734103527864" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="60AB3EA32CEEE30046F5991C79D60098">The Scale Insects Of Iran (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) Part 3 The Soft Scales (Coccidae) And Other Families</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B880A351C2E8DFFF27C673B8CCA600BB">Moghaddam, Masumeh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="73AA4FD97D181D039CBD0181F70E3EA6">Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran. &amp; Science: Research, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, U. K. gillian. watson @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9914 - 0094 * Corresponding author. moghadam @ iripp. ir; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0908 - 838 X &amp; Department of Insect Taxonomy Research, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organisation, Tehran, Iran.</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="981B8798FF1839C792DA91BA37A8DFB2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14447564" ID-GBIF-Taxon="249224034" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14447564" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:981B8798FF1839C792DA91BA37A8DFB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/981B8798FF1839C792DA91BA37A8DFB2" lastPageId="136" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" scope_family="Eriococcidae" scope_order="Hemiptera">
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1839CA92DA91BA3708DA4B" box="[151,569,1774,1801]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1839CA92DA91BA3708DA4B" blockId="133.[151,569,1774,1837]" box="[151,569,1774,1801]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<heading id="4B4581E2FF1839CA92DA91BA3708DA4B" bold="true" box="[151,569,1774,1801]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1839CA92DA91BA3708DA4B" authority="(Schmutterer)" baseAuthorityName="Schmutterer" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[151,569,1774,1801]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Rhizococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynei">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA92DA91BA3708DA4B" bold="true" box="[151,569,1774,1801]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA92DA91BA34B0DA4A" bold="true" box="[151,385,1774,1801]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Rhizococcus reynei</emphasis>
(Schmutterer)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1839CA92DA9047371BDA6E" box="[151,554,1811,1837]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="description">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1839CA92DA9047371BDA6E" blockId="133.[151,569,1774,1837]" box="[151,554,1811,1837]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
(
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFF1839CA92D2904735C3DA6E" box="[159,242,1811,1837]" captionStart="FIGURE 63" captionStartId="135.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[208,1388,183,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-17@135.[199,1388,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="135" captionText="FIGURE 63. Adult female of Rhizococcus reynei (Schmutterer); apical setae on anal lobes broken off. Reproduced from Kozár et al. (2013), page 529, fig. 186, published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385613/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 63</figureCitation>
, distribution map 
<figureCitation id="88892A0BFF1839CA93F090473713DA6E" box="[445,546,1811,1837]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="183.[151,250,1821,1845]" captionTargetBox="[217,1381,216,1768]" captionTargetId="figure-17@183.[206,1381,181,1797]" captionTargetPageId="183" captionText="FIGURE 93. Distribution maps of scale insect species in Iran covered in this work. A, Pulvinaria urbicola Cockerell; B, Pulvinaria vitis (Linnaeus); C, Rhizococcus asperulae Moghaddam; D, Rhizococcus avicennae Moghaddam; E, Rhizococcus borchsenii Danzig; F, Rhizococcus istresianus (Goux); G, Rhizococcus reynei (Schmutterer); H, Rhizococcus saxidesertus (Borchsenius); I, Rhizopulvinaria artemisiae (Signoret); J, Rhizopulvinaria turkestanica (Archangelskaya); K, Saissetia coffeae (Walker); L, Saissetia miranda (Cockerell &amp; Parrott); M, Saissetia oleae (Olivier); N, Sphaerolecanium prunastri (Boyer de Fonscolombe); O, Stotzia ephedrae (Newstead)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385725" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385725/files/figure.png" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Fig. 93G</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1839CA92DA900631ECDACB" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1839CA92DA900631ECDACB" blockId="133.[151,1437,1874,1929]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="30A211A0FF1839CA92DA900631ECDACB" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFF1839CA92DA900637BADA29" author="Schmutterer, H." box="[151,651,1874,1898]" page="417" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" year="1952">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1839CA92DA900637BADA29" ID-CoL="3B47D" authority="Schmutterer, 1952: 414 - 417" authorityName="Schmutterer" authorityPageNumber="414 - 417" authorityYear="1952" box="[151,651,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Eriococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynei">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA92DA90063463DA2A" box="[151,338,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Eriococcus reynei</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1839CA9313900637BADA29" author="Schmutterer, H." box="[350,651,1874,1898]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="369 - 420" refId="ref108313" refString="Schmutterer, H. (1952) [The ecology of the coccids (Homoptera, Coccoidea) of Franconia. 2 nd section]. Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Entomologie, 33 &amp; 34, 369 - 420 + 544 - 584 &amp; 65 - 100. [in German] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0418.1953. tb 00689. x" type="journal article" year="1952">Schmutterer, 1952: 414‒417</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1839CA90D790063129DA29" ID-CoL="8VBT" authority="(Schmutterer)" baseAuthorityName="Schmutterer" box="[666,1048,1874,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Acanthococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynei">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA90D79006364DDA2A" box="[666,892,1874,1898]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Acanthococcus reynei</emphasis>
(Schmutterer)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFF1839CA966A9006303EDA29" author="Schmutterer, H." box="[1063,1295,1874,1898]" page="50" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1839CA966A9006303EDA29" author="Schmutterer, H." box="[1063,1295,1874,1898]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="49 - 56" refId="ref108383" refString="Schmutterer, H. (1980) [On the status of research into scale insects (Homoptera, Coccoidea) in the Federal Republic of Germany]. Mitteilungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Allgemeine und Angewandte Entomologie. Bremen, 2, 49 - 56. [in German]" type="journal article" year="1980">Schmutterer 1980: 50</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. 
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFF1839CA975390063763DACB" author="Pellizzari, G. &amp; Kozar, F." page="66" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1839CA975390063763DACB" authority="Pellizzari &amp; Kozar, 2011: 66" authorityName="Pellizzari &amp; Kozar" authorityPageNumber="66" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Rhizococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tavignani">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA975390063416DACB" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Rhizococcus tavignani</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1839CA936090243763DACB" author="Pellizzari, G. &amp; Kozar, F." box="[301,594,1904,1929]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" pagination="57 - 68" refId="ref107576" refString="Pellizzari, G. &amp; Kozar, F. (2011) A new species of Greenisca and two new species of Ovaticoccus from Italy (Hemiptera Coccoidea Eriococcidae), with a key to European genera of Eriococcidae. Zootaxa, 3090 (1), 57 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3090.1.4" type="journal article" year="2011">Pellizzari &amp; Kozár, 2011: 66</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. 
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1839CA901190243687DACB" authority="(Schmutterer)" baseAuthorityName="Schmutterer" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[604,950,1904,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Rhizococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynei">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA90119024362EDACB" box="[604,799,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Rhizococcus reynei</emphasis>
(Schmutterer)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="9113109FFF1839CA918D902531E8DACB" author="Kozar, F. &amp; Kaydan, M. B. &amp; Konczne Benedicty, Z. &amp; Szita, E." box="[960,1241,1904,1929]" page="528" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" year="2013">
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1839CA918D902531E8DACB" author="Kozar, F. &amp; Kaydan, M. B. &amp; Konczne Benedicty, Z. &amp; Szita, E." box="[960,1241,1904,1929]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" refId="ref104366" refString="Kozar, F., Kaydan, M. B., Konczne Benedicty, Z. &amp; Szita, E. (2013) Acanthococcidae and Related Families of the Palaearctic Region. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 680 pp." type="book" year="2013">
Kozár 
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA964990253106DACB" box="[1028,1079,1904,1928]" italics="true" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">et al.</emphasis>
2013: 528‒532
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1839CA92DA90E23721DA92" box="[151,528,1974,2001]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1839CA92DA90E23721DA92" blockId="133.[151,1437,1974,2037]" box="[151,528,1974,2001]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA92DA90E234A3DA93" bold="true" box="[151,402,1974,2000]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Field characteristics:</emphasis>
Not noted.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1839C7928A908E37A9DCB6" lastPageId="136" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="133" pageNumber="134" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1839C9928A908E3070DC02" blockId="133.[151,1437,1974,2037]" lastBlockId="134.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="134" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1839CA928A908E34EDDAB7" bold="true" box="[199,476,2010,2036]" pageId="133" pageNumber="134">Microscopic diagnosis:</emphasis>
Slide-mounted adult female body elongate-oval. Antennae each with 7 segments. Frontal lobes present frontal tubercle absent. Eyes situated on margins. Legs well developed; meso- and metathoracic coxae without spinulae; hind coxa with translucent pores; hind femur without translucent pores; tibiae each with 5 setae (median seta present); tarsal and claw digitules knobbed apically, all slightly longer than claw; claw with a denticle near apex. Anal lobes slightly sclerotized, each with 2 enlarged setae along inner margin and 1 on outer margin; apical seta broken on all available specimens. Anal ring with pores and 8 setae. Cauda sclerotized.
</paragraph>
<caption id="44CD6606FF1B39C992DA909C3624DAA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385611" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385611" box="[151,789,1992,2017]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385611/files/figure.png" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" startId="134.[151,250,1992,2016]" targetBox="[199,1390,355,1967]" targetPageId="134" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1B39C992DA909C3624DAA2" blockId="134.[151,789,1992,2017]" box="[151,789,1992,2017]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1B39C992DA909C3411DAA3" bold="true" box="[151,288,1992,2016]" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">FIGURE 62.</emphasis>
Adult female of 
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1B39C99380909C3620DAA2" authority="(Goux)" baseAuthorityName="Goux" baseAuthorityYear="1989" box="[461,785,1992,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Rhizococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="134" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="istresianus">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1B39C99380909C378EDAA3" box="[461,703,1992,2016]" italics="true" pageId="134" pageNumber="135">Rhizococcus istresianus</emphasis>
(Goux)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="44CD6606FF1A39C892DA90CC3185DA96" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14385613" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14385613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14385613/files/figure.png" pageId="135" pageNumber="136" startId="135.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[208,1388,183,1918]" targetPageId="135" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1A39C892DA90CC3185DA96" blockId="135.[151,1436,1944,2005]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1A39C892DA90CC342EDAF3" bold="true" box="[151,287,1944,1968]" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">FIGURE 63.</emphasis>
Adult female of Rhi 
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1A39C893A390CD37B6DAF3" box="[494,647,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">zococcus reyne</emphasis>
i (Schmutterer); apical setae on anal lobes broken off. Reproduced from 
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1A39C8971390CD3427DA96" author="Kozar, F. &amp; Kaydan, M. B. &amp; Konczne Benedicty, Z. &amp; Szita, E." pageId="135" pageNumber="136" refId="ref104366" refString="Kozar, F., Kaydan, M. B., Konczne Benedicty, Z. &amp; Szita, E. (2013) Acanthococcidae and Related Families of the Palaearctic Region. Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, 680 pp." type="book" year="2013">
Kozár 
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1A39C892DA90E935F5DA97" box="[151,196,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="135" pageNumber="136">et al</emphasis>
. (2013)
</bibRefCitation>
, page 529, fig. 186, published by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1539C7928A97C337DBDC02" blockId="136.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C7928A97C33410DDF3" box="[199,289,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Dorsum</emphasis>
with enlarged setae spine-like, varying in size and shape, with tips relatively blunt, numbering 2 on margin of each thoracic segment, but usually with 3 on each abdominal segment. Smaller enlarged setae forming sparse transverse rows across middle parts of segments; submargin without enlarged setae. Macrotubular ducts of 2 sizes: (i) larger 
<typeStatus id="CF09882CFF1539C793329657349EDC5E" box="[383,431,259,285]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">type</typeStatus>
on marginal area; and (ii) narrower 
<typeStatus id="CF09882CFF1539C791009657364CDC5E" box="[845,893,259,285]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">type</typeStatus>
scattered throughout, including margins. sparse throughout. Microtubular ducts scattered throughout.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1539C7928A961F37A9DCB6" blockId="136.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C7928A961F343EDC27" box="[199,271,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Venter</emphasis>
with hair-like setae in median area and with a marginal row of enlarged setae and a few smaller setae present submarginally. Quinquelocular pores forming sparse bands and rows across all segments. Macrotubular ducts of 2 sizes similar to those on dorsum; larger size present along margin, smaller size present in medial and submarginal areas. Microtubular ducts sparsely present on prosomal submargins. Cruciform pores very few, scattered in a submarginal band and on middle of head.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1539C7928A96AA360EDF7E" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1539C7928A96AA360EDF7E" blockId="136.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C7928A96AA3452DF5B" bold="true" box="[199,355,510,536]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Distribution:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1539C7932496AB3770DF5B" baseAuthorityName="Schmutterer" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[361,577,511,537]" class="Insecta" family="Eriococcidae" genus="Rhizococcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynei">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C7932496AB3770DF5B" box="[361,577,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Rhizococcus reynei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from 11 Palaearctic countries (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1539C7964596AB3008DF5A" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." box="[1032,1337,511,537]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales 
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C796F396AB31DEDF5A" box="[1214,1263,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
); in 
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF1539C7972596AB30A9DF5A" box="[1384,1432,511,537]" name="Iran" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Iran</collectingCountry>
, it was collected from Ghazvin province (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1539C7902D95773605DF7E" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[608,820,547,573]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1539C7928A9513344FDFEA" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1539C7928A9513344FDFEA" blockId="136.[151,1437,151,753]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C7928A9513346ADF22" bold="true" box="[199,347,583,609]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Host-plants:</emphasis>
The scale has been recorded on host-plants belonging to three genera in the families 
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1539C796A2951330A9DF22" box="[1263,1432,583,609]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1539C792DA953F3421DFC6" box="[151,272,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1539C7931D953F363DDFC6" authority="(Garcia Morales et al. 2016)" baseAuthorityName="Garcia Morales" baseAuthorityYear="2016" box="[336,780,619,645]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
Poaceae (
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1539C793F2953F3635DFC6" author="Garcia Morales M. &amp; Denno B. D. &amp; Miller D. R. &amp; Miller G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B." box="[447,772,619,645]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" refId="ref101399" refString="Garcia Morales M., Denno B. D., Miller D. R., Miller G. L., Ben-Dov Y. &amp; Hardy N. B. (2016) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Database. Available from: http: // scalenet. info (accessed 31 January 2024) https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / database / bav 118" type="url" year="2016">
García Morales 
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C79032953F3784DFC6" box="[639,693,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; in 
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF1539C79170953F365CDFC6" box="[829,877,619,645]" name="Iran" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Iran</collectingCountry>
, it was found on 
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C79609953F30ADDFC6" box="[1092,1436,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1539C79609953F3032DFC6" box="[1092,1283,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Thymus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vulgaris">Thymus vulgaris</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="D7B24D0DFF1539C7975A953F30A5DFC6" box="[1303,1428,619,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
)
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="74234B7FFF1539C792D295DB3443DFEA" author="Moghaddam, M." box="[159,370,655,681]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" pagination="1 - 92" refId="ref105801" refString="Moghaddam, M. (2013) An annotated checklist of the scale insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with new records and distribution data. ZooKeys, 334, 1 - 92. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 334.5818" type="journal article" year="2013">Moghaddam 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="58A86505FF1539C7928A95E637A8DFB2" pageId="136" pageNumber="137" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1539C7928A95E63628DF8E" blockId="136.[151,1437,151,753]" box="[199,793,690,717]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C7928A95E634E6DF8F" bold="true" box="[199,471,690,716]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Economic importance:</emphasis>
Not known as a pest in 
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF1539C790A995E73624DF8E" box="[740,789,691,717]" name="Iran" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="100D368EFF1539C7928A958337A8DFB2" blockId="136.[151,1437,151,753]" box="[199,665,726,753]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="22C6EA9CFF1539C7928A958334A5DFB3" bold="true" box="[199,404,726,753]" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Natural enemies:</emphasis>
None recorded in 
<collectingCountry id="68A5761EFF1539C79029958337A4DFB2" box="[612,661,727,753]" name="Iran" pageId="136" pageNumber="137">Iran</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>