A review of the species in the Apogon fasciatus group with a description of a new species of cardinalfish from the Indo-West Pacific (Perciformes: Apogonidae). Author Thomas H. Fraser text Zootaxa 2005 924 1 30 http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CB0C476E-97D7-4831-9C5D-2406489FDCE5 journal article z00924p001 CB0C476E-97D7-4831-9C5D-2406489FDCE5 Apogon quinquestriatus Regan, 1908 Synonyms. None Type Material Examined: Syntypes BMNH 1901.12.31.8-9 ; 33.2-36.5 mm SL [[ Maldives , in 55 - 66 meters from South Nilandu ]]. Diagnosis. A species of Apogon (Ostorhinchus) with four narrow dark stripes, the first from nape along base of first and second dorsal fin, the second from above eye to upper caudal peduncle, the third from eye along lateral-line scales fading prior to caudal peduncle; the fourth midlateral from front of snout to end of caudal fin.; 15 pectoral rays; well developed gill rakers 15, total gill rakers and rudiments 19; VII first-dorsal spines. Description. See Figure 6 for general body shape and Table 1 for proportional percentages. Dorsal fin VII-I,9 with third spine much thicker than second or fourth, last soft ray shorter than preceding ray; anal fin II,8 with last soft ray shorter than preceding ray; pectoral fin 15-15 in one syntype, the other damaged (Table 2); pelvic fin I,5; principal caudal rays 9 + 8, caudal fin forked; scale counts missing for one syntype, pored lateral-line scales, 24-25, extending from posttemporal onto base of caudal fin; transverse scale rows above lateral line 2; transverse scale rows below lateral line 6; median predorsal scales 5; circumpeduncular scale rows 12 (5+2+5). Villiform teeth in several rows on the premaxilla; several villiform rows becoming a single row on side dentary; 1-2 rows on the palatine; one row on vomer; none on ectopterygoid , entopterygoid or basihyal. Rudiments and gill rakers on first arch (Table 3), 2 rudiments and 3 gill rakers on upper arch, 2 rudiment and 12 gill rakers on lower arch for both syntypes, total gill rakers and rudiments 19, well developed gill rakers 15. No internal osteology known. Supramaxilla absent. Posttemporal smooth on posterior margin. Preopercle ridge smooth, edges serrate on posterior and ventral margins. Infraorbital edge smooth. Scales ctenoid where present, most missing on head and on parts of the body for both syntypes. Color in alcohol. Four dark narrow stripes above the dark midline stripe, two stripes reach the caudal peduncle, the second and fourth down from the dorsum. No other color patterns on body. Life colors. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the syntypes collected in 55-66 meters from South Nilandu, Maldives (Fig. 8). Habitat: Known only from deeper water. Remarks: This species has been collected once and may be restricted to the Maldives. Trawl collections examined the Indian coast line have not produced specimens. Not reported from Laccadives or Chagos Archipelago, but could be expected there. FIGURE 6. The smaller syntype of Apogon quinquestriatus , BMNH 1901.12.31.8-9, Maldives, 33.2 mm SL. TABLE 2. Pectoral fin-ray counts and averages for the Apogon fasciatus group.
Right Pectoral-fin rays Left Pectoral-fin rays
Species 14 15 16 [[mean]] 13 14 15 16 [[mean]]
fasciatus 15 56 15.8 9 57 15.9
pleuron 30 4 15.1 29 3 15.1
septemstriatus 7 14 1 6 13.9
quinquestriatus 1 1
bryx 18 15 14.5 17 15 14.5
kiensis 12 15 1 14.6 9 16 14.6
TABLE 3. Counts and averages of gill rakers and rudiments on the first gill arch for the Apogon fasciatus group. * Neotype of Mullus fasciatus . † Holotype of Apogon quadrifasciatus .
Upper and Lower Arches Upper Arch Lower Arch
Species N 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 [[mean]] 4 5 6 7 8 [[mean]] 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 [[mean]]
fasciatus Indian 94 14 33† 43 4 19.4 1 33† 59 1 5.6 27 63† 4 13.7
Pacific 127 2 37 37 32 11* 5 2 1 19.3 1 60 56 8* 2 5.6 1 54 55* 14 3 13.7
Total 221 2 51 70 75 15 7 2 1 19.4 2 93 115 9 2 5.6 1 81 118 14 3 13.7
pleuron 63 2 2 16 30 12 1 21.8 2 44 16 1 6.3 4 27 24 6 1 15.6
septemstriatus 10 1 1 4 3 1 19.2 7 3 5.3 1 2 4 3 13.9
quinquestriatus 2 2 19 2 5 2 14
bryx 36 6 17 11 2 24.3 19 17 6.5 10 24 2 18.8
kiensis 44 7 10 21 6 1 20.6 15 28 1 5.7 10 28 6 14.9
Upper Rudiments Lower Rudiments Gill Rakers on Upper and Lower Arches
Species N 1 2 3 4 [[mean]] 0 1 2 3 4 [[mean]] 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 [[mean]]
fasciatus Indian 78 2 35 41† 2.5 4 22 47 4 1† 1.7 1† 10 43 21 3 15.2
Pacific 127 4 67 52* 4 2.4 2 49 64* 12 1.7 5 21 66 19* 10 6 15.2
Total 205 6 102 93 4 2.5 6 71 111 12 1 1.7 1 5 31 109 40 13 6 15.2
pleuron 63 1 78 63 8 2.4 5 45 13 1.1 3 8 26 19 6 1 18.3
septemstriatus 10 8 2 2.2 1 2 4 3 1.6 1 7 2 15.1
quinquestriatus 2 2 2 2 2 2 15
bryx 36 17 19 1.5 28 8 0.2 5 12 15 4 22.5
kiensis 44 7 18 19 2.3 8 18 13 1 1.3 1 11 18 11 2 1 17.1
Upper Rakers Lower Rakers
Species N 2 3 4 5 6 [[mean]] 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 [[mean]]
fasciatus Indian 78 1† 68 9 3.1 1† 10 49 18 12.1
Pacific 127 1 104 22* 3.2 3 22 73* 21 7 12
Total 205 2 172 31 3.1 4 32 122 39 7 12.1
pleuron 63 10 51 2 3.9 5 31 21 5 1 14.5
septemstriatus 7 9 1 3.1 1 8 1 12.0
quinquestriatus 2 2 3 2 12
bryx 36 5 28 3 4.9 17 18 1 17.6
kiensis 44 26 18 3.4 2 14 24 3 1 13.7