Taxonomic revision of Chamaecrista sect. Absus subsect. Absus (Leguminosae, Caesalpinioideae) with adjustments in the new classification
Author
Souza, Alessandro Oliveira De
0000-0002-7057-3942
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, 70.919 - 970, Brasília, DF, Brazil. & alessandro 341 @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7057 - 3942
alessandro341@hotmail.com
Author
Cavalcante, Raphael Guarda
0000-0001-7556-7819
Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, 37130 - 001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil. & raphael. cavalcante @ sou. unifal-mg. edu. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7556 - 7819
raphael.cavalcante@sou.unifal-mg.edu.br
Author
Silva, Marcos José Da
0000-0001-9717-5701
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, 70.919 - 970, Brasília, DF, Brazil. & Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Goiás, CP 131, 74001 - 970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil & Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, 70.919 - 970, Brasília, DF, Brazil. & marcos _ agrorural @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9717 - 5701 * Author for correspondence & Programa de Pós-Graduação em Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Asa Norte, 70.919 - 970, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
marcos_agrorural@hotmail.com
text
Phytotaxa
2022
2022-09-20
565
1
1
82
journal article
10.11646/phytotaxa.565.1.1
1179-3163
7095806
8.
Chamaecrista carobinha
(H.S. Irwin & Barneby)
Irwin & Barneby (1982: 661)
≡
Cassia carobinha
Irwin & Barneby (1978: 270)
.
Type:—
BRAZIL
.
Bahia
: Juazeiro,
February 1912
(fl.),
A. Löfgren 891
(
holotype
RB00539437!, isotypes NY01529148!, RB00545299!)
. (Figs. 15 and 16)
Subshrub perennial, prostrate, creeping or decumbent with supporting branches, in this case, plants up to
10 cm
tall. Root nodules absent. Branches brown or green-yellow, puberulent indumentum with sparse or absent glandular trichomes, including stipules, petiole and rachis; non-exfoliating bark. Stipules 1.5–2.5 ×
0.4–0.5 mm
, linear or lanceolate, persistent. Leaves alternate-spiral, regularly distributed on the stem, plagiotropic or ascending; petiole 1.3–3(3.5) cm long; rachis 0.5–1.6(2) cm long; leaflets 2 pairs, 0.9–3.7(–4.5) × 0.5–2(2.3) cm, distal pair slightly larger than proximal pair, elliptical, oblong-elliptical or oval, apex obtuse, rounded or emarginate and mucronulate or not, asymmetrical base on the distal pair and rounded or slightly asymmetrical on the proximal pair, papyraceous, discolored, adaxial face dark green, sometimes vinaceous and puberulent, abaxial face opaque green, villosule and sparsely setulose-viscous; margin entire, revolute and ciliate; secondary veins 4–6 pairs, conspicuous and slightly prominent on abaxial surface. Leafy appendix inter-petioluleabsent. Racemes (7)10–35(–60) cm long, sessile or falsely pedunculated due to early fall of the first flower, 20–45 flowers, lax, terminal, generally with the flowers all oriented to the same side and opposite the ground, decumbent, suberect or pendant with slightly curved or sinuous axis, setulose-viscous and villous, including pedicel, external surface of bracts, bracteoles and sepals. Bracts 1.5–2 ×
1 mm
, triangular, persistent. Bracteoles 1–2 ×
0.5 mm
, or lanceolate, persistent. Buds 5–8 ×
3–4 mm
, ovoid or globoid, apex acute or obtuse.Flowers 2.5–4.5 ×
2–3.7 cm
; pedicel
1–3.3 cm
long, straight, ascending or recurved when fruited; sepals 9–11 ×
3.5–4 mm
, elliptical, apex acute or obtuse, green or with vinaceous macules externally; 4 flat, oboval or oblong-oboval petals and 1 falcate-curled inner petal, 1.3–1.7 ×
0.5–1 cm
, yellow; stamens 10.5–
6 mm
long, anthers not barbulate; ovary 2.8–3 ×
1 mm
, densely villous; style
8–9 mm
long, curved in upper third, glabrous. Legumes 2.8–3.5 ×
0.5–0.6 cm
, oblong, puberulent and sparsely setulose-viscous, brown. Seeds 5–8, 5–6 ×
3.4–3.5 mm
, oblong, blackened.
Geographical distribution and habitat
:—
Chamaecrista carobinha
is a
Brazilian
very common in the state of
Bahia
, less frequent in
Piauí
and now first referenced to
Minas Gerais
(Fig. 38
A
). It lives on the edges of caatingas or thin savannas on sandy latosols, in preserved or anthropic environments, including the margins of roads and highways, between 400 and 800 meters of altitude
.
Flowering and fruiting
:—Species registered with flowers from February to September, with its most intense flowering from July onwards.
Conservation status:
—Its estimated Range of Occurrence around
200,000 km
2
allowed us to consider the species as Least Concern (LC). However, the species is usually found in anthropized areas such as roadsides, which concerns its conservation.
Taxonomic history
:—
Cassia carobinha
was described by Irwin & Barneby in 1978 based on the collection of “
A. Löfgren 891
” from
Bahia
and transferred to the
Chamaecrista
genus by the same authors in 1982.
Characterization and morphological relationships:
—
Chamaecrista carobinha
,
Ch. fagonioides
and
Ch. hispidula
have decumbent, creeping or prostrate growth, which makes them often confused and mistakenly identified in herborized collections, especially with
Ch. fagonioides
which it also resembles by the terminal racemes and the leaflets with revolute margins. However,
Ch. carobinha
can be safely distinguished from
Ch
.
fagonioides
by puberulent and non-viscous branches with sparse or absent glandular trichomes; slightly discolored leaflets and yellow petals. While
Ch. fagonioides
has setulose-viscous and puberulent branches; concolor leaflets and orange or reddish petals. In addition to having prostrate growth,
Ch. carobinha
usually has inflorescences with flowers all oriented to the same side, and its inflorescences can reach up to
60 cm
long, while
Ch. fagonioides
is decumbent the flowers are arranged spirally in the inflorescence measuring between
2–30 cm
long.
Specimens examined
:—
BRAZIL
.
BAHIA
:
Barreiras
, BR-242, km 989,
Brasília-Fortaleza
,
beira
de estrada,
29 September 1978
, (fl., fr.),
L
.
Coradin
et al. 1180
(
CEN
,
EAC
);
Brotas de Macaúbas
, estrada
Ibotirama – Lençóis
(BR-242)
Km
125,
12°25’00”S
,
42°22’00”W
,
09 September 1992
, (fl.),
L
.
Coradin
et al. 8530
(
CEN
);
Caetité
, cerca de
7 km
de Caetité
em direção a
Paramirim
,
14°00’12”S
,
42°28’44”W
,
15 July 2001
, (fl., fr.),
V
.
C
.
Souza
et al. 26075
(
ESA
);
ib
.,
Estrada de Caetité
para
Licínio de Almeida
, BA-156,
14°19’43.2”S
,
42°32’31.6”W
,
1027m
,
01 August 2017
, (fl., fr.),
A
.
O
.
Souza
2188, 2189, 2190, 2191
(
UB
,
UFG
);
Ibitiara
, ca.
40 km
W
do entroncamento de Seabra, na
BR 242
,
12°27’00’’S
,
42°09’00’’W
,
23 July 1993
, (fl.),
L
.
P
.
Queiroz
et al. 3414
(
NY
);
Jacobina
,
16 February 1986
, (fl.),
A
.
Fernandes
&
Matos
s. n.(
EAC
14056);
ib
.,
Rodovia Várzea Nova
–
Jacobina
,
27 km
de Jacobina
,
11°04’41’’S
,
40°43’38’’W
,
794m
,
24 September 2004
, (fl.),
E
.
L
.
Borba
et al. 1945
(
HUEFS
);
Macaúbas
,
Rodovia Macaúbas
a
Bom Jesus da Lapa
,
Serra Poções
,
15 June 2004
, (fl.),
G
.
Hatschbach
et al. 77859
(
IBGE
,
SP
);
Morro do Chapéu
, ca.
22 km
W
.
of
Morro Chapéu
,
1000m
,
20 February 1971
, (fl.),
H
.
S
.
Irwin
et al. 32629
(
NY
,
UB
);
Pilão Arcado
, entrada para
Goiabeira do Brejo de Zacarias
,
09°59’39’’S
,
42°31’29’’W
,
403m
,
06 September 2005
, (fl., fr.),
L
.
P
.
Queiroz
et al. 10853
(
HUEFS
); Sento-Sé,
54 km
de Juazeiro
– Sento-Sé, 09°55’74”S, 40°97’94”W,
18 June 1985
, (fl.),
G
.
Folius
4071
(
HUEFS
).
Minas Gerais
:
Jaíba
,
Reserva Legal
,
19 March 1998
, (fl.),
C
.
V
.
Mendonça
et al. 417
(
UEC
).
Piauí
:
Santa Cruz
, BR-316
Picos-Floriano
km
27, 690m
,
25 May 1980
, (fl., fr.),
L
.
Coradin
et al. 2576
(
CEN
)
.