A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae)
Author
Gagnon, Edeline
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3212-9688
Institut de recherche en biologie vegetale and Departement de sciences biologiques, Universite de Montreal, H 1 X 2 B 2, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
edeline.gagnon@gmail.com
Author
Bruneau, Anne
Institut de recherche en biologie vegetale and Departement de sciences biologiques, Universite de Montreal, H 1 X 2 B 2, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Author
Hughes, Colin E.
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zuerich, 8008, Zuerich, Switzerland
Author
de Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci
Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, BR 116, Km 03, Campus Universitario, Feira de Santana 44031 - 460, Bahia, Brasil
Author
Lewis, Gwilym P.
Comparative Plant and Fungal Biology Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AB, United Kingdom
text
PhytoKeys
2016
2016-10-12
71
1
160
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203
1314-2003-71-1
FFA8FF9AFFEAFFDABA68757DFF9EFF8B
160340
14.
Pterolobium R. Br. ex Wight & Arn., Prodr: 283. 1834
Figs 23
, 24A-C
Cantuffa
J.F. Gmel. (1791).
Reichardia
Roth (1821), nom. illeg., non Roth (1787), nec Roth (1800).
Type
.
Pterolobium lacerans
R. Br. ex Wight & Arn., nom. illeg. (
Cantuffa exosa
J.F. Gmel. =
Pterolobium exosum
(J.F. Gmel.) E.G. Baker; this now considered a synonym of
Pterolobium stellatum
(Forssk.) Brenan).
Description.
Lianas or scrambling / trailing shrubs, armed with prickles on shoots, as well as in pairs at the base of leaves. Stipules small, inconspicuous, subulate or triangular-subulate, caducous. Leaves alternate, bipinnate, ending in a pair of pinnae, 6-30 cm long; petiole and rachis pubescent to sparsely pubescent or glabrous; pinnae opposite, in 5-20 pairs; leaflets opposite, in 6-25 pairs per pinna, linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong, apex rounded to emarginate, sometimes mucronate, eglandular or punctate-glandular, 6-15
x
1.5-10 mm. Inflorescences terminal or axillary racemes, often aggregated into panicles, pubescent to glabrous, 4-25 cm long; bracts small, caducous. Flowers bisexual, sub-actinomorphic to zygormophic; calyx comprising a short hypanthium and 5 sepals, glabrous to pubescent, the lower sepal cucullate, covering the other 4 sepals in bud; petals 5, free, yellow to white, equal to slightly differentiated, claws pubescent, the median petal sometimes inrolled; stamens 10, free, filaments pubescent (occasionally glabrous); ovary pubescent, stigma chambered. Fruit a red to brown samara, the basal seed-containing portion 12-20
x
8-15 mm, reticulate or smooth, glabrous to pubescent, the upper suture much prolonged and broadly winged, the wing 20-45 mm long and usually wider distally, 1 (-2)-seeded.
Geographic distribution.
A genus of 10 species; one in southern tropical Africa, East Africa and Arabia, nine in SE Asia (one endemic to India, two in China, four in Indo-China [one endemic to Thailand, two extending to Malesia], three restricted to the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago [one endemic to the Philippines]).
Habitat.
Seasonally dry tropical upland evergreen forest, riverine and humid forest, woodland and wooded grassland.
Etymology.
From
ptero
- (Greek: wing) and
lobion
(Greek: pod, fruit), in reference to the fruit which is a samara.
Notes.
Vidal and Hul Thol (1974)
published a revision of
Pterolobium
, with a key to species. We provide below a list of species currently accepted in the genus, taking into account the treatment of
Pterolobium sinense
as a synonym of
Pterolobium macropterum
(
Chen et al. 2010b
).
References.
Roti-Michelozzi (1957)
;
Brenan (1967
: 40-42);
Vidal and Hul Thol (1974
,
1976
);
Hul Thol and Hideux (1977)
;
Hou et al. (1996
: 654-700);
Chen et al. (2010b)
.
Figure 23.
Pterolobium stellatum
(Forssk.) Brenan.
A
part of flowering branch
B
flower
C
longitudinal section of flower
D
petal
E
stamen
F
infructescence with mature fruits
G
samara with part cut away to reveal seed.
A-E
from
Richards
11275
F
from
Eggeling
3400
G
from
Sandwith
25. Drawn by L. M. Ripley, originally published in
Flora of Tropical East Africa,
Leguminosae
subfamily
Caesalpinioideae
, page 41, fig. 7 (1967).
Figure 24.
Pterolobium stellatum
(Forssk.) Brenan.
A
inflorescences (P. van Wyk, Africa,
unvouchered
)
B
fruits (J. Anton-Smith, Africa,
unvouchered
)
C
close up of fruits (B. T. Wursten, Flora of Zimbabwe (http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/image-display.php?species_id=127190&image_id=1), Zimbabwe,
unvouchered
).
Mezoneuron hildebrandtii
Vatke
D
inflorescences (D. Du Puy, Majunga, Madagascar,
Du Puy M286
(P))
E
fruits (D. Du Puy, Antsiranana, Madagascar,
Du Puy M273
(P)).
Mezoneuron kauaiense
(H. Mann) Hillebr.
F
flower and buds
I
fruit (D. Eickhoff, Wikicommons (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mezonevron_kavaiense) cultivated, Hawaii, U.S.A.,
unvouchered
).
Caesalpinia crista
L. emend. Dandy & Exell (?
Ticanto
)
G
flowers
H
young fruits (P. Grard: Institut
Francais
de
Pondichery
, Andhra Pradesh, India,
unvouchered
).