Pamphilius albopictus (Thomson, 1871)

(Figs 50, 51) (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.15709641)

Lyda albo-picta Thomson, 1871: 312 .

Lyda albopicta: André, 1881: 63 (syn. of L. depressa [= P. vafer]).

Pamphilius albopictus: Kirby, 1882: 337; Konow, 1897a: 25, 31 (syn. of P. depressus [= P vafer]); Kangas, 1961: 69; Kangas & Kangas, 1963: 267; Kangas & Kangas, 1965: 31; Beneš, 1976: 160; Achterberg & Aartsen, 1986: 36; Zhelochovtsev & Zinovjev, 1995: 397; Shinohara, 1998: 233; Taeger et al. 1998: 104; Shinohara, 2002b: 428; Shinohara, 2004: 264; Shinohara & Lelej, 2007: 940; Taeger et al., 2010: 85; Sundukov & Lelej, 2012: 108; Sundukov, 2017: 104; Lee et al., 2019: 8.

Pamphilius vafer: Malaise, 1931, p. 63 (not Linné, 1767, in part).

Pamphilius altaicus Gussakovskij, 1935: 187; Beneš, 1976: 160 (syn. of P. albopictus).

Pamphilius viridipes Achterberg & Aartsen, 1986: 45; Shinohara & Taeger, 1990: 95; Shinohara, 1998: 233 (syn. of P. albopictus).

See Shinohara (1998) for more synonyms and references.

Material examined. Sixty-one specimens, including the lectotype and 38 specimens from the Russian Far East and South Korea (Shinohara 1998; present work). New collection data: RUSSIA: Primorskij Kraj: 1♀ (DEIGISHym 32036), Zharikovo 4km N, 120m, 44.643°N 131.681°E, 3. VI. 2016, K. Kramp, M. Prous & A. Taeger, in alcohol, RU034 (SDEI); 1♀ (Fig. 51, DEI-GISHym 86124), Gornotajozhnoe 1km E, 150m, 43.694°N 132.168°E, 19. V. 2016, K. Kramp, M. Prous & A. Taeger, RU006 (SDEI). SOUTH KOREA: Gangwon-do: 1♀, Mirugam (Bukdaesa), 1300m, Odaesan Mts ., 24. V. 2002, A. Shinohara (NSMT); 2♀ (incl. NSMT 30865), same locality, 28. V.–1. VI. 2009, A. Shinohara (NSMT).

Distribution. Europe across Siberia to Kamchatka Kraj and Primorskij Kraj, North and South Korea (Shinohara 1998).

Host plant. Rosaceae: Padus avium Mill. (Kangas 1961; Kangas & Kangas 1965).

Remarks. This is a widely distributed Eurosiberian species. It is probably thelytokous-parthenogenetic with no males (Shinohara 1998), a rare case in the Pamphiliidae . Pamphilius albopictus is one of the three species of the Pamphiliidae known to be associated with Padus . The other two are P. kamikochensis Takeuchi, 1930 from Japan and P. padus Shinohara, 2016, from Zhejiang Province, China (Shinohara & Wei 2016).

Shinohara (1998) proposed the P. albopictus subgroup of the P. vafer group to include P. albopictus, P. kamikochensis and P. heecheonparki Shinohara, 1998, from Korea and the Russian Far East, whereas Shinohara (2002b) recognized the P. albopictus subgroup ( P. albopictus and P. kamikochensis only) and the P. heecheonparki subgroup ( P. heecheonparki only). In our COI molecular analysis (Fig. 148), the P. albopictus subgroup s. str. ( P. albopictus, P. kamikochensis plus subsequently described P. leleji Shinohara & Taeger, 2007) was retrieved as monophyletic with 100% UFBoot support and this clade was recovered as sister to P. heecheonparki with 89% UFBoot support. In the NaK analysis (Figs 160–161), both of the clades P. albopictus + P. kamikochensis and P. heecheonparki were recovered as monophyletic with 100% UFBoot support, but their relationships were not clearly resolved. The maximum intraspecific p -distance within P. albopictus was 0.8% in COI (n=4) and 0.2% in NaK (n=3) and the nearest neighbour was P. kamikochensis, diverging by a minimum of 2.2% in COI analysis and by a minimum of 0.4% in NaK analysis.