Clinotettix ussuriensis Bey-Bienko, 1933

Figs 1–13

Clinotettix ussuriensis Bey-Bienko, 1933: 329, figs. 9, 10 (holotype —female, Russia: “Tigrivaya, Suchan district, Ussuri region” (=Tigrovoi, Partizanskii district, Primorskiy krai), 9.VI 1927, A.A. Stackelberg”; deposited in ZIN); Bey-Bienko, 1951: 101, fig. 59; Steinmann, 1964: 465, fig. 9; Steinmann, 1971: 331; Pravdin & Cherniakhovsky, 1975: 369; Podgornaja, 1976: 9; Podgornaja, 1983: 68, figs. 3, 92, 93; Storozhenko, 1986: 274, fig. 132, 3; Sergeev, 1986: 189; Zheng, 1989: 67; Blackith, 1992: 24; Kostia, 1995: 264, figs. 9–10; Yin et al., 1996: 858; Liang & Zheng, 1998: 180, 257, fig. 128; Wang et al., 2004: 730, 732; Kim & Kim, 2004: 264, fig. 6; Storozhenko, 2006: 96; Storozhenko & Paik, 2007: 129, figs. 361, 362; Storozhenko, 2009: 48; Storozhenko & Paik, 2010: 40: 128, figs. 1–7; Kim, 2013: 260; Storozhenko et al., 2015: 173, figs. 425, 426, 452–454.

Tetrix ussuriensis: Rehn & Grant, 1961: 43.

Tetrix ussuriensis (nec Bey-Bienko, 1933): Otte, 1997: 134.

Clinotettix chanbaishanensis Wang et al., 2004: 730, 731, figs. 1, 2 (holotype —male, China: “ Jilin Province, Hengshan Station south hillside of Mt. Changbai, 2.VIII.1983, B.-Zh. Ren”; deposited in the School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China); synonymized by Storozhenko & Paik (2010).

Type material examined. Holotype —female, Tigrivaya, Suchan district, Ussuri region, 9.VI.1927, leg. A.A. Stackelberg (ZIN).

Other material examined. Russia: Primorsky Krai: Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve, 43.13°N, 131.56°E, 07.VII.1975, 1♂, 1♀ (V. Makarkin, A. Ryabukhin); middle course of Krounovka River, 43.66°N, 131.57°E, 04.VI.1986, 2♂, 2♀ (S. Storozhenko); the same locality, 05–09.VII.1993, 1♂ (S. Storozhenko); Nezhinka River, Koreiskiy brook, 43.50°N, 131.56°E, 07–09.VI.1986, 7♂, 7♀, 4 nymphs (S. Storozhenko); Malaya Ananevka River, Kabarginskiy brook, 43.41°N, 131.58°E, 10.VI.1986, 1♀ (S. Storozhenko); vicinity of Komissarovo, 44.97°N, 131.77°E, 12.VII.1980, 6♂, 10♀ (S. Storozhenko); Ussuriisky Nature Reserve, 43.65°N, 132.50°E, 29.V.1969, 1♂ (M. Chernyakhovsky); Partizanskaya River, 42.87°N, 133.01°E, 06.VI.1986, 1♂, 5♀ (A. Plutenko); Partizansky Ridge, Povorotnaya River, 43.41°N, 133.52°E, 06.VIII.1986, 1♂, 1♀ (S. Storozhenko); Slinkino, 43.59°N, 133.38°E, 22–23.VI.1981, 1♂, 5♀ (A. Plutenko); Anuchinsky district, Vinogradovka, 43.76°N, 132.96°E, 2♀ (ZIN); Chuguevsky district, Chuguevka, Berezoviy brook, 44.20°N, 133.87°E, 8♂, 9♀ (ZIN); Sikhote-Alinsky Nature Reserve, Zabolochenaya River, 45.31°N, 136.48°E, 01.VI.2020, 1♀ (M.E. Sergeev). Khabarovsky Krai: Konin River, 1♂ (ZIN); Verhnebureinsky district, Chegdomyn, 51.13°N, 132.96°E, 10.VII.2000, 2♀ (A. Blummer).

Literature data. China: Jilin Province: Hengshon station, Mt. Changbai, 43.75°N, 126.62°E, 02.VIII.1983, 1♀ (Wang et. al., 2004); Liaoning Province: Shenyang, 41.73°N, 123.33°E; Qianshan, 41.06°N, 123.95°E (Liang & Jang, 1998). Democratic People’s Republic of Korea: Jamo-ri near Sunchon, 39.69°N, 126.03°E, 27. V.1965, 5♂, 6♀; Sokam-Chosudji, 39.60°N, 126.07°E, 21. V.1965, 1♀; the same locality, 02.XI.1970, 1♂ (Kostia, 1995). Republic of Korea: Gyeonggi-do: Munsan, 37.89°N, 126.79°E, 09.X.1972, 1♂; Gangwon-do: Jangneung Yeongweol, 37.72°N, 128.82°E, 17.IV.2004, 1♀ (Kim & Kim, 2004).

Redescription. Fastigium in male 1.7–2.2 times, in female 2.2–2.6 times wider than width of an eye from above. Lateral ocelli situated slightly below the lower one-third of eyes. Frontal ridge near the base of the antennae distinctly narrower than 1st antennal segment (scapus). Length of antennae 1.4–1.7 times more than length of the fore femur; mid segments of antennae 1.3–2.1 times as long as wide. Prozona of pronotum transverse, 1.2–1.4 times as wide as long. Width of visible part of the tegmen almost equal to width of mid femur. Hind femur 3.0–3.75 times as long as wide; both upper and lower sides of femora without lappets. First tarsal segment of hind legs 1.3–1.5 times longer than the combined length of 2nd and 3rd segments.

Body blackish brown, dorsally without dark spots. Antennae yellow with black apex. Fore and hind femora with few light marks, mid femora blackish. Fore and mid tibia blackish brown with light brown rings; hind tibia brown with light brown ring near the base. Abdomen dorsally brown, laterally and ventrally black. Ovipositor light brown.

Measurements (in mm). Length of body (from anterior margin of fastigium of vertex to the apex of the posterior process of pronotum) male 9.8–14.5, female 14.0–19.0; pronotum male 10.3–12.6, female 12.5–16.3; fore femur male 2.0–2.4, female 2.4–2.9; mid femur male 2.1–2.6, female 2.5–3.3; hind femur male 5.8–6.6, female 7.0–8.4; ovipositor 1.6–2.0.

Habitat. According to our observations in Russia, Clinotettix ussuriensis is a stenobiont species and is strictly confined to the banks of rivers and lower reaches of streams in the mountain regions at an altitude of 200–500 m above sea level, where it occurs exclusively in the sunlit places. It prefers to settle on pebbly areas overgrown with sparse vegetation, poorly turf meadows or on fallen trees. This species does not depend much on the slope exposure and is found in the subzones of broadleaf and coniferous-broadleaf forests.

Distribution. Russia (Primorsky Krai, southern part of Khabarovsky Krai), Democratic People's Republic of Korea (Hamgyeongbuk-do and Hamgyeongnam-do) and Republic of Korea (northern parts of Gangweon-do and Gyeonggi-do near the demarcation line), NE China (Jilin and Liaoning provinces) (Fig. 14). The northernmost known locality of the species is in the central part of the Khabarovsky Krai between 54 and 54°N: the Konin River, the left (northern) tributary of the Tugur River. The southernmost ones are in the central parts of Korean Peninsula.

Notes. According to Storozhenko & Paik (2010) Clinotettix chanbaishanensis was synonymized with C. ussuriensis, while, in the Orthoptera Species File, the former is listed as a distinct species (Cigliano et al., 2024). Here we confirm that both taxa are conspecific, because are represented by two forms, brachypronotal or brachypterous (Figs 1, 2) and macropronotal or macropterous (Figs 3, 4), often occurring coincidently. We also examined the images of Clinotettix from Gangwon-do (Cheorwon, Hoengseong, and Yeongwol) in South Korea from internet recourses (iNaturalist; https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/761810-Clinotettix-ussuriensis) and find that these specimens have broad hind femora and wide fastigium. Therefore, the records of C. ussuriensis from these localities seem to belong to C. jilinensis .