Socoflata gen. nov.

(Figs 1–62)

Type species. Socoflata histrionica sp. nov., here designated.

Diagnosis. Socoflata gen. nov. can be distinguished from other genera of Flatidae by the combination of following characters: Body small, ovoid, habitus issid-like. Vertex transverse, distinctly shorter than pronotum at midline, with all margins carinate, fore margin truncate. Disc of frons tricarinate, all carinae sharp and well distinct, reaching almost frontoclypeal suture, basally separated. Tegmen short, coriaceous, with sutural angle rounded. Male anal tube, in lateral view, elongate and curved, with ventral margin strongly concave. Male genital style widening apicad; postero-dorsal angle with long and curved capitulum, postero-ventral angle produced into a large tooth. Periandrium bearing 3-armed appendage oriented antero-ventrad; posterior arm simple, oriented dorsoposteriad; median arm stout, diverged into two processes, upper process with 0–3 ventral spine-like ramifications; anterior arm simple, movable. Female gonapophysis VIII stout, laterally flattened, ventral margin sinuate.

Description. Body robust, ovoid (Figs 1–11, 61, 62).

Head truncate, with compound eyes, in dorsal view, slightly narrower than pronotum but almost as wide as mesonotum (Figs 12–13). Vertex transverse, distinctly shorter than pronotum at midline, with all margins carinate; posterior margin elevated and medially covered by pronotum; disc of vertex without carinae; anterior margin arcuate, lateral margins almost straight and subparallel, posterior margin medially concave; disc of vertex flattened (Figs 12–14, 16). Frons widest at lower third, with upper margin almost straight; lateral margins, in frontal view, strongly carinate and slightly arcuate, broadly curved to frontoclypeal suture in lower third, without incisions; in lateral view, margins of frons and vertex forming a distinct obtuse angle (Fig. 20); disc of frons tricarinate, all carinae sharp and well distinct, equal in length, reaching almost frontoclypeal suture, basally separated; lateral carinae almost parallel to lateral margins; frontoclypeal suture arcuate (Figs 18, 19). Clypeus without carinae, convex (Fig. 18). Rostrum with apical segment shorter than subapical one, apex between hind coxae. Compound eyes hemispherical in lateral and frontal views, with callus at posterior margin. Lateral ocelli present (Fig. 20). Antenna located below eye, close to ventral margin of callus, scapus and pedicell together distinctly shorter than diameter of eye; scapus small, ring-like, with sparse setae; pedicell distinctly longer than scapus, club-like, apical part concave, functional area at the top and on dorsal surface with trichoid sensilla type 1, antennal plate organs present on apical concavity and delimiting functional surface (Figs 20–22).

Thorax. Vertex, pronotum and mesonotum at the same level (Fig. 11). Pronotum slightly shorter than mesonotum at midline, wide, strongly protruded anteriad, with anterior margin exceeding the midlength of compound eyes and forming two small obtuse lobes separated by a shallow median incision; disc with median suture distinct anteriorly (reaching the level of lateral impressions) and lateral impressions; postocular eminences crest-shaped (Figs 12–16). Mesonotum with scutellum widely deltoid, wider than long at midline; disc of mesonotum without median carina; lateral carinae separated at base, elevated, weakly curved outwards posteriorly, reaching posterior margin; scutellum elevated, pointed; disc and lateral parts of mesonotum depressed, wrinkled (Figs 12–15).

Tegmen relatively short, approximately twice longer than wide, coriaceous, weakly convex, with bulla and distinct venation; costal margin arcuate, costal angle widely rounded, apical margin convex, sutural angle rounded, postclaval sutural margin absent (Figs 11–12, 24–28). Costal area with transverse veinlets, terminating anteriorly of the level of clavus apex; postcostal cell basally much wider than costal area, tapering apicad, with several transverse veinlets starting from the level of bulla; apical line present (Figs 25–28). Basal cell narrow, all longitudinal veins leaving basal cell separately. ScP+R leaving basal cell with short common stem, with fork before bulla; ScP+RA elevated, passing the top of bulla, terminating at the level of clavus apex. RP obsolete in basal part, with the first fork at nodal line. MP forking posteriorly of CuA fork; first fork of MP1+2 close to MP fork, first fork of MP3+4 situated much more posteriorly of MP1+2 fork, MP ending at apical margin. CuA with the first fork more anteriorly than MP fork, ending at sutural angle. Clavus in anterior part slightly to strongly elevated, convex, in posterior part slightly to strongly concave; Pcu and A1 fusing in apical third of clavus. Tubercles concentrated in the following areas: costal area, bulla—between ScP+RA, RP and MP, basal part of clavus—between Pcu and A1, with single tubercles located also in C1–5 cells (Figs 25–28).

Hindwing well developed, narrow, with anal lobe (Fig. 60). ScP+R and MP single, with common stem; CuA single, transverse veinlets absent. Anal lobe without veins.

Pro- and mesotibiae with groove on the external side, about as long as pro- and mesofemora; apical tarsomeres of both fore and middle legs longer than cumulative length of basal and second tarsomeres (Fig. 23); metatibia longer than metafemur, with two lateral spines placed close to each other in distal part and apical row of 7–8 welldeveloped spines, external longer than internal; basitarsomere of metatarsus about as long as cumulative length of second and apical tarsomeres, with 8–9 small apical spines U-lined; second tarsomere with two lateral spines and median pad with setae.

Male terminalia. Anal tube, in lateral view, elongate and curved, with ventral margin strongly concave, dorsal margin weakly convex; basal part wider than apical part; apical part oriented ventrad; anus placed posterior to the middle (Figs 31, 32, 35); in dorsal view, anal tube elongate, bowling pin-shaped; basal part strongly convex medially, apical part medially with groove (Figs 29, 30, 36). Pygofer, in lateral view, with dorsal margin narrower than ventral margin; anterior margin concave, posterior margin convex (Fig. 35). Genital style widening apicad; postero-dorsal angle with long and curved capitulum, postero-ventral angle produced into a large tooth (Figs 31– 34, 37, 38). Phallic complex: Periandrium elongate, slightly curved, almost as long as aedeagus; lateral split almost reaching base (Fig. 37). Dorsal part of periandrium, in lateral view, longer than ventral part, with apical prolongation and 3-armed appendage oriented antero-ventrad; posterior arm simple, oriented dorso-posteriad; median arm stout, diverged into two processes, upper process with 0–3 ventral spines; anterior arm simple, movable (Figs 39–42). Ventral part of periandrium unilobate, apically strongly curved dorsad; ventral side with long median keel, in lateral view, medially broken (Fig. 39). Aedeagus, in lateral view, long and slightly curved, with apical bulb-like sclerotized appendages; in ventral view, with deep median split, almost reaching base; dorsal and ventral parts of aedeagus membranous (Figs 43, 44).

Female terminalia. Pregenital sternite with asymmetrically X-shaped sclerotization (Fig. 51); posterior arms of this X shorter than anterior ones, area between anterior arms convex; lateral lobes well developed; posterior margin of pregenital sternite concave, medially with small protuberance; anterior margin regularly convex (Figs. 50, 51). Anal tube, in lateral view (Figs 45, 46, 53), covering gonoplac and reaching its posterior margin; tapering apicad: basal part wider than apical part, anus placed slightly anterior to the middle, ventral margin almost straight; in dorsal view, anal tube ovoid, widest in median portion (Fig. 52). Gonoplac subrectangular, not covering the base of gonapophysis VIII (Figs 45, 46, 49, 54); posterior margin with single row of well-developed teeth; teeth of both gonoplacs fitting together in a zip-like manner (Figs 47, 48); ventral margin of gonoplac with narrow membranous fold (Fig. 54). Gonapophysis VIII stout, laterally flattened, ventral margin sinuate (Figs 49, 55); dorsal margin with three lamellate, sharp teeth, ventral margin subapically slightly up-folded, with three blunt teeth oriented exteriad (Fig. 55); endogonocoxal process slightly shorter than gonapophysis, tapering apicad, with bluntly rounded apex and spiniferous microsculpture. Gonospiculum as in Figs 56, 57. Bursa copulatrix with single pouch, kidneyshaped, with cells (Fig. 58). Spermatheca with ductus receptaculi slightly shorter than diverticulum ductus; ductus receptaculi ribbed, widened subapically; diverticulum ductus smooth, narrow in basal third, widened in apical two thirds (Fig. 59).

Etymology. The generic name is a combination derived from “ Socotra ” and “ Flata ” which is used here for a representative of the Flatidae family. Gender feminine.

Distribution. Yemen: Socotra island.