Physalaemus cuvieri clade

Species of this clade typically have one call type (but see P. cuvieri in Table 1). Whine-like calls are characteristic emissions in this clade (except in the P. henselii group and P. cicada). The major aspects of these calls are clear harmonics, high fundamental frequency (> 400 Hz; except P. olfersii group and P. centralis), high energy in the lower harmonics (except in P. olfersii group), downward direction of the general FM (except in the P. olfersii group), and an up-downward FM at the beginning of the call, yielding arc-shaped bands in this part of the call and S-shaped bands when considering the entire call (except in P. henselii and P. olfersii groups). Nonlinear regimes are relatively rare in the clade (present in P. barrioi, P. cuvieri, P. ephippifer, P. gracilis, P. lisei, and P. soaresi).