Smerinthus ocellata ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758) [n天ëDz名亚ª]

(Figures 12–14)

Sphinx ocellata Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 489. TL: ‘not stated [Europe]’.

Sphinx semipavo Retzius, 1783, Caroli Lib. Bar. De Geer ... Genera et species insectorum e generosissimi auctoris scriptis extraxit, digessit, latine quoad partem reddidit, et terminologiam insectorum linneanam addidit, 35.

Sphinx salicis Hübner, 1796, Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge. Lepidoptera II. Sphinges, 31.

Smerinthus ocellata cinerascens Staudinger, 1879, Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 40: 317.

Smerinthus ocellata rosea Bartel, 1900, In: Die palaearctischen Grossschmettlinge und ihre Naturgeschichte. Bearbeit von Fritz Rühl. Fortgesetzt von Alexander Heyne, 176.

Smerinthus ocellata albescens Tutt, 1902, A natural history of the British Lepidoptera, 426.

Smerinthus ocellata pallida Tutt, 1902, A natural history of the British Lepidoptera, 427.

Smerinthus ocellata caeca Tutt, 1902, A natural history of the British Lepidoptera, 426.

Smerinthus ocellata diluta Closs, 1917, Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift, 11: 82.

Smerinthus ocellata grisea Closs, 1917, Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift, 11: 82.

Smerinthus ocellata ollivryi Oberthür, 1920, Études de Lépidoptèrologie Comparée, 17: 7.

Smerinthus ocellata flavescens Neumann, 1930, Internationale Entomologische Zeitschrift, 24: 248.

Smerinthus ocellata kainiti Knop, 1937, Entomologische Zeitschrift, 51: 263.

Smerinthus ocellata reducta Schnaider, 1950, Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 19: 245.

Smerinthus ocellata monochromica Cockayne, 1953, Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation, 65: 34.

Smerinthus ocellata biocellata Lempke, 1959, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102: 74.

Smerinthus ocellata brunnescens Lempke, 1959, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102: 73.

Smerinthus ocellata deroseata Lempke, 1959, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102: 74.

Smerinthus ocellata parvocellata Lempke, 1959, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102: 75.

Smerinthus ocellata rufescens Lempke, 1959, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102: 73.

Smerinthus ocellata uniformis Lempke, 1959, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102: 73.

Smerinthus ocellata viridiocellata Lempke, 1959, Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 102: 74.

Material examined. CHINA: 2♂♂, Altay City (690 m), Xinjiang, China, 22-VI-2023, Zheng-Zhong Huang leg. [JZHC] ; 1♂, Altay City (673 m), Xinjiang, China, 24-VI- 2024, Qian-Le Lu leg. [JZHC] .

Diagnosis. Male (Figure 12A–B): Similar to S. caecus, but upperside of body and wings more brownish. Forewing sharper with a pointed apex and a smoother outer edge than S. caecus; upperside browner, with brown curved lines forming an X-shape, apex lacks triangular patch; underside similar to S. caecus but pink area broader. Hindwing similar to S. caecus but pink area more colourful, with a complete small black ocellus near tornus and an obvious blue circle, small black patch nearby; underside almost identical to S. caecus .

Female (Figure 12C–D): Similar to male, but wings broader, ground pattern slightly paler and more extensive, antennae slenderer.

Male genitalia (Figure 13A–D): Similar to S. caecus, but uncus more curved downward, gnathos sharper. Valva more rounded. Sacculus thicker, dorsal margin enlarged with numerous small teeth along the edge, harpe short and rounded. Phallus thicker than S. caecus, apical process larger and sharper, with a wider lateral sclerite that is covered with tiny cornuti.

Female genitalia (Figure 14): Similar to S. caecus, but lamella postvaginalis slender. Ostial lobe broader. Ductus bursae tubular and broad.

Distribution. China (N.W. Xinjiang), Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Europe.

Biological notes. This species was collected in lower to middle elevation temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest, attracted to light at night.