Arabibarbus grypus (Heckel, 1843) [N]—Shabout

Taxonomy. Original description: Barbus grypus Heckel, 1843: 1048 [58] [Tigris River, Mosul, Iraq; syntypes: NMW 54160-61 (1, 2), 91023 (1); SMF 2613 [ex NMW] (1, dry), ZMB 8788 (1)].— Iraq synonyms: Tor grypus (Heckel, 1843); Labeobarbus kotschyi Heckel, 1843 .—Revisions: Karaman (1971); Borkenhagen & Krupp (2013); Jawad et al. (2018).—Illustration: Borkenhagen (2014: 1184, fig. 1C).

Status in Iraq. Recorded from Iraq in the original description by Heckel (1843).—Iraq materials: NMW, ZMB, BNHM.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Iraq: Euphrates River.—General distribution: Middle East: Euphrates and Tigris river systems and rivers (Turkey, Iraq, and Iran).—Habitat: This species inhabits Found in streams. Freshwater.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation Status in Iraq: Unknown.—IUCN: VU (IUCN 2023).—Threats: ABS, CON, CLI, EUT, FIT, HAB.—High sensitivity to human activities.—Keystone species.—Decline status: Decreasing.— High priority for conservation action.