Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) [N]—Hilsa

Taxonomy. Original description: Clupanodon ilisha Hamilton, 1822: 243, 382, Pl. 19 (fig. 73). [Ganges estuaries, Patua, Goyakarra, Calcutta, and Dhasa, India; no types known].— Iraq synonyms: Hilsa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) .—Revisions: Whitehead (1985: 222).—Illustration: Whitehead (1985: 222, fig.).

Status in Iraq. First record from Iraq by Hora & Misra (1943).—Iraq materials: BNHM.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Iraq: Persian Gulf.—General distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar and Persian Gulf east to the South China Sea.—Habitat: This species is pelagic and schools in coastal waters, euryhaline waters, and anadromous ascending rivers. Breeds mainly in rivers. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Locally commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Iraq: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (IUCN 2023).—Threats: ABS, CON, EUT, FIT, HAB.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered a keystone species.—Decline status: Decreasing.—Low priority for conservation action.