Plonaphacarus kugohi (Aoki, 1959)

(Figs. 65–72)

Hoplophthiracarus kugohi Aoki, 1959

Hoplophthiracarus siamensis Aoki, 1965

Hoplophthiracarus kugohi siamensis Aoki, 1980

Hoplophthiracarus wittmeri Bayoumi & Mahunka, 1979

Hoplophthiracarus africanus Mahunka, 1984

Hoplophthiracarus rimosus Mahunka, 1985

Hoplophthiracarus minor Mahunka, 1991

Hoplophthiracarus (Plonaphacarus) yoshii Mahunka, 1991

Plonaphacarus kugohi: Niedbala, 1986 b, 1998, 2000, 2001a, b, 2002a, b, 2003, 2004a, b, 2006, 2007; Niedbała & Schatz, 1996; Niedbała & Corpuz-Raros, 1998; Aoki, 1995; Wen, 1990; Wang, Hu & Yin, 2000.

Material examined. China: Beijing (39°54'29.42"N, 116°23'52.61"E): Xishan, four adults (in alcohol, Yao-31), from litter, 1 Sep., 1981, leg. Wen-Bing Yao; Campus of Peking University Health Science Center, three adults (in alcohol, Yao-35), from litter, 10 Sep., 1981, leg. Wen-Bing Yao; one adult (in alcohol, Yao-36), same data as Yao- 35; Beijing Badachu Park, one adult (in alcohol, Jing-126), from litter, 19 Sep., 1985, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; Yuan Ming Yuan Park, 15 adults (in alcohol, W-88-53), from litter under poplar, 26 May, 1988, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; Beijing Academy of Forestry, two adults (in alcohol, T0034), from litter, 26 Sep., 1995, leg. Qing-Tian Li; Wufeng, two adults (in alcohol), from litter under shrub, 30 Apr., 1996; Baiwangshan Park, six adults (in alcohol, CJ-07-28), from litter under pine and shrub, 21 Jul., 2007, leg. Jun Chen and Dong Liu; Fangshan District, Yunshuidong, one adult (in alcohol, W-89-134), from litter, 30 Aug., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang and Xiao-Li Chen; four adults (in alcohol), from litter in cypress, 30 Aug., 1989; one adult (in alcohol, W-89-141), same data as W-89-134; one adult (in alcohol, W-89-145), same data as W-89-134; Changping District, two adults (in alcohol, W-88-42), from bark of deadwood, 19 Oct., 1988, leg. Hui-Fu Wang, Xue-Zhong Zhang and Cen-Xuan Pan; one adult (in alcohol, W-90- 90), from litter under broadleaf and grass, 31 May, 1990, leg. Yue-Ling Liang; Sanpu, four adults (in alcohol, CJ- 02-10), from litter, 24 Apr., 2002, leg. Jun Chen, one adult (in alcohol, L-0015), from litter under grass, 27 Jul., 1995; Nankou, two adults (in alcohol, CJ-02-80), from litter under shrub, 19 Oct., 2002, leg. Jun Chen; four adults (in alcohol, CJ-02-84), same data as CJ-02-80; Yanqing District, one adult (in alcohol, W-90-114), from litter under stone, May, 1990, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; two adults (in alcohol, W-90-115), from litter, same data as W-90-114; Hanjiachuan, two adults (in alcohol, W-90-118), from litter, same data as W-90-114; Huairou District, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, eight adults (in alcohol, CJ-02-36), from litter under cypress, 25 May, 2002, leg. Jun Chen; Hongluosi Temple, two adults (in alcohol, CJ-07-23), from litter under pine, 19 Jul., 2007, leg. Yan Deng; Miyun District, Shicheng, Jiudaowan, one adult (in alcohol, CJ-05-5), from litter under shrub, 13 May, 2005, leg. Jun Chen; one adult (in alcohol, CJ-05-6), same data as CJ-05-5. China: Fujian Province: Wuyi Mt. (27°38'54.78"N, 117°58'48.58"E), Tianyou, one adult (in alcohol, Wu-Y-74), from litter, 11 Aug., 1983, leg. Hui- Fu Wang and Xiao-Mei Zhang; 13 adults (in alcohol, W-89-52), from litter under bamboo and arbor, 25 Apr., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; Dawangfeng, one adult (in alcohol, W-89-11), from litter under defoliation nearby ghyll, 24 Apr., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; four adults (in alcohol, W-89-13), from litter under shrub, same data as W-89-11; Yunwo, one adult (in alcohol, W-89-46), from litter, 25 Apr., 1989, leg. Hui-Fu Wang; one adult (in alcohol, W-89- 48), from litter under fir, same data as W-89-46; Zhangpu County (24° 7'1.69"N, 117°36'49.74"E), Dafengshan Mt. Forestry Centre, one adult (in alcohol, W-89-58), from litter under bamboo and eucalypt, 7 May, 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui; one adult (in alcohol, W-89-60), from litter, same data as W-89-58; one adult (in alcohol, W-89-66), from litter under Pinus massoniana, 12 May, 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui; Liancheng County (25°42'40.25"N, 116°45'21.92"E), Quxi, Meihuashan Mt., two adults (in alcohol, W-89-73), from litter, 25 May, 1989, leg. Yun-Qi Cui; Shaowu City (27°20'26.41"N, 117°29'33.54"E), one adult (in alcohol), from litter, 22 Nov., 1995; Pucheng County (27°55'2.26"N, 118°32'28.45"E), one adult (in alcohol), from bark of Fagaceae, 30 Jul., 1995, leg. Qing-Hai Fan; Fuzhou City (26° 4'27.43"N, 119°17'47.68"E), two adults (in alcohol), from litter, 26 Aug., 1995, Qing-Hai Fan; Campus of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, two adults (in alcohol), from moss, 26 Aug., 1995, Qing- Hai Fan; Xiamen City (24°28'46.61"N, 118° 5'21.80"E), Xiamen Arboretum, one adult (in alcohol, CJ-07-95), from litter under broadleaf, 28, Sep., 2007, leg. Jun Chen; China: Hainan Province: Dongfang City, Datian National Nature Reserve (19º06'36.0"N, 108º47'36.2"E), one adult (in alcohol, LD-07-55), from litter under deadwood, 70M, 5 Aug., 2007, leg. Dong Liu; Datian Village, five adults (in alcohol, LD-07-58), from litter under arbor, 144M, 6 Aug., 2007, leg. Dong Liu; 11 adults (in alcohol, LD-07-60), from litter under banyan, same data as LD- 07-58; Ledong Li Autonomous County, Jianfengling National Forest Park (18º41'48.4"N, 108º47'18.0"E), two adults (in alcohol, W-89-157), from litter, 13 Dec., 1983, leg. Chong-Zhou Zhang; Institute of Subtropical Forestry, one adult (in alcohol, LD-07-67) from litter under Cycadaceae, 7 Aug., 2007, leg. Dong Liu. China: Sichuan Province: Yaan City (29°58'49.85"N, 103° 0'47.39"E), one adult (in alcohol, W-90-22), from litter, 600M, 24 Jun., 1990, Fu-Sheng Huang; one adult (in alcohol, W-90-32), 20 Jun., 1990, same data as W-90-22; nine adults (in alcohol, W-90-43), same data as W-90-22. China: Chongqing City (29°33'17.69"N, 106°32'54.33"E), one adult (in alcohol, Yao-1), 7 Apr., 1986, leg. Wen-Bing Yao; South-Western University, one adult (in alcohol, Chuan-S-84), from litter, 3 Jul., 1985, leg. Xiao-Mei Zhang; six adults (in alcohol), from moss, 21 Jun., 1995, leg. Chen-Xi Zhou; Youyang County (28°50'20.96"N, 108°45'51.10"E), five adults (in alcohol, W-89-82), from litter under moss, 680M, 15 Jul., 1989, 680M, Yun-Qi Cui.

Measurements of adults: Prodorsum: length 230–255, width 170–195, height 90–125, setae: ss 80–85, ro 40– 43, in 110–115, le 25–30, ex 10, distance between setae: ro -ro 30–35, in -in 50–70, le -le 90–120; notogaster: length 370–485, width 310–375, height 290–380; setae: c1 110, c2 80, c3 100, c p 100, d1 75, d2 65, e1 95, e2 75, h1 100, h2 75, h3 75, ps1 90, ps2 80, ps3 60, ps4 75; distance between setae: c1-d1 155, d1-e1 180, e1-h1 115, h1-ps1 105; ventral region: ad1 90, ad2 100, ad3 55, an1 65, an2 65; genitoaggenital plate 150×110, anoadanal plate 215×100.

Surface of body covered with small concavities. Lateral carinae strong and long, extend beyond sinus and reach end of rostrum; dorsal and lateral region distinct; posterior furrows present; sensilli long with narrow pedicel and sickle-like head, covered with short spines; interlamellar setae long, robust, erect, barbed in distal half; lamellar and rostral setae spiniform, short, rough and semi-erect; exobothridial setae short and fine; comparative length: in>ss> ro> le>ex. Notogaster with 15 pairs of setae, medium long (c1 <c1-d1), robust, barbed in distal half; two pairs of lyrifissures ia and im present. Nine pairs of genital setae present with formula: 6(4+2): 3; one pair of aggenital setae present; anoadanal plates each with five rough and well-developed setae. Setae h of mentum shorter than distance between them; chaetotaxy of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-4-2(2)-5(1); II: 1-3-2(1)-3(1), III: 2-2-1(1)-2(1), IV: 2- 1-1-2(1); v’’ / v’ (femora I)=2.17; setae d on femora I situated far from distal end of article; all legs monodactylous.

Distribution. China (Beijing, Chongqing, Fujian, Hainan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Sichuan, Taiwan), cosmopolitan distribution except Europe.