91. Ixodes gibbosus Nuttall, 1916 .

A Palearctic species whose adults are usually found on Artiodactyla: Bovidae, but all parasitic stages have been collected from Bovidae, and Perissodactyla: Equidae . Adult ticks alone have been

recovered from Artiodactyla: Camelidae, Carnivora: Canidae, Erinaceomorpha: Erinaceidae, Lagomorpha: Leporidae, and Aves (unknown orders); nymphs alone have been found on Passeriformes: Turdidae (Guglielmone et al. 2014, Maurelli et al. 2018). Ixodes gibbosus is a sporadic parasite of humans.

M: Nuttall (1916), under the name Ixodes ricinus gibbosus and given its current status in Schulze (1927)

F: Nuttall (1916), under the name Ixodes ricinus gibbosus

N: Saratsiotis (1970)

L: Saratsiotis (1970)

Redescriptions

M: Saratsiotis (1970), Estrada-Peña et al. (2017)

F: Saratsiotis (1970), Estrada-Peña et al. (2004, 2017)

N: Černý and Tovornik (1972), Manilla and Iori (1993), Estrada-Peña et al. (2017)

L: Černý and Tovornik (1972), Manilla and Iori (1992), Márquez et al. (1992), Estrada-Peña et al. (2017)

Note: see Ixodes eldaricus for its probable confusion with Ixodes gibbosus .