Key to Brassicaceae genera with native species in the Valparaiso Region, Chile (based on Boelcke & Martínez-Laborde 1994; Appel & Al-Shehbaz 2003; Al-Shehbaz 2012)

1. Petals pinnatifid ............................................................................................................................................................. Schizopetalon

1. Petals entire or emarginate .................................................................................................................................................................2

2. Petals white.........................................................................................................................................................................................3

3. Fruit a silique, at least three times larger than wide ...........................................................................................................................4

4. Seeds biseriate ......................................................................................................................................................................... Rorippa

4. Seeds uniseriate ..................................................................................................................................................................................5

5. Basal and cauline leaves pinnatisect or pinnately compound. Fruit valves not veined, dehiscing elastically and coiled; replum flattened .............................................................................................................................................................................. Cardamine

5. Basal leaves pinnatifid, lobed or entire, cauline leaves lobed to entire. Fruit valves obscurely veined or only with a distinct midvein, not dehiscing elastically, flat; replum terete ........................................................................................................................6

6. Plants entirely glabrous. Petals> 6 mm long ............................................................................................................................ Ivania

6. Plants usually with simple and/or forked hairs, rarely glabrous. Petals <5 mm long .......................................................................7

7. Plants 15–40 cm high. Flowering stems with several cauline leaves. Silique 3–6(–7) cm long at maturity ............ Mostacillastrum

7. Plants shorter than 10 cm high. Flowering stems scapigerous, at most with 1–2 leaves. Silique up to 2.5(–3.0) cm long at maturity.............................................................................................................................................................................. Stenodraba

3. Fruit a silicle, less than three times longer than wide.........................................................................................................................8

8. Fruit with 1 or 2 seeds ........................................................................................................................................................................9

9. Fruit valves with 2, 3, or 5 longitudinal wings, rarely wingless. Septum lacking ........................................................... Menonvillea

9. Fruit valves wingless or with 1 wing. Septum complete....................................................................................................... Lepidium

8. Fruit with more than 2 seeds ........................................................................................................................................................... 10

10. Cauline leaves auriculate. Fruit compressed dorsiventrally, ± winged. Plant glabrous ......................................................... Noccaea

10. Cauline leaves, if present, never auriculate. Fruit compressed laterally, wingless. Plant pubescent, at least some trichomes stellate ................................................................................................................................................................................................... Draba

2. Petals yellow..................................................................................................................................................................... Descurainia