Cyparium oberthueri Pic, 1956

Figs 5, 56–64

Cyparium oberthüri Pic, 1956: 175 . Syntypes: Muséum national d’histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris, France.

Material examined

BRAZIL – Minas Gerais • 1 ♀; Viçosa, Mata da Biologia; 26 Oct. 2016; A. Orsetti and I. PecciMaddalena leg.; CELC • 7 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ (2 ♂♂, entirely dissected, preserved in glycerin; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, abdomen dissected, preserved in glycerin); same collection data as for preceding; 26 Jun. 2019; von Groll and A. Orsetti leg.; CELC • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Viçosa, EPTEA Mata do Paraíso; 9 Nov. 2016; I. PecciMaddalena and C. Lopes-Andrade leg.; “\\ ex Psathyrella candolleana ”; CELC • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 12 Nov. 2019; LabCol leg; CELC .

Diagnosis

TL: 4.43–5.12 mm in males and 4.68–5.25 mm in females. Black (Figs 56A–C, 64A). Hypomeron with close strigulate microsculpture. Scutellum tapered posteriorly (Fig. 59B). Mesanepisternum long with imbricate microsculpture. Metaventrite smooth (Fig. 56B). Intercoxal plates with long imbricate microsculpture. Aedeagus poorly sclerotized, almost membranous, apex very long; parameres L-shaped, very long (Fig. 62A–D). Distal gonocoxites curved and tapered (Fig. 63C, E).

Redescription

COLORATION. Black, iridescent (Figs 56A–C, 64A). Frons dark brown; clypeus light brown (Fig. 57A); mouth parts and antennomeres I–VI and apex of XI testaceous; antennomeres VII–X and base of XI dark (Fig. 57B). Coxae and femora dark-brown reddish; tibiae lighter; tarsi and tergite VIII yellow; ventrites 5 and 6 brown. Variation: specimens entirely light brown to brown (Fig. 56D–F).

HEAD. Punctation dense, fine (Fig. 57A); vertex with strigulate microsculpture. Eyes slightly wider than head, rounded apically (Fig. 57A). Labrum rectangular, lateral margins rounded, and well distinct from apical margin; posterior margin slightly curved centrally; sclerotized portion curved; lateral setae slightly exceeding margins; porose centrally (Fig. 57D). Mandibles curved, subapical serrations on left mandible conspicuous (Fig. 57E–F). Maxillary palps elongated, palpomere III tapering smoothly; galea and lacinia densely pubescent, lacinia robust (Fig. 57G). Mentum with lateral areas rounded and apex not well delimited; glossa concave (Fig. 58A). Setae of labial palpomere II exceeding palpomere III; palpomere III longish, with long apical setae (Fig. 58A). Hypopharynx with wide and rounded sclerotized plate (Fig. 58A–B). Post gena microsculptured with very close transversal lines; densely porose all over; gula triangular with concave lateral areas (Fig. 58C). Base of antennae long, antennal club distinct; antennomere XI hexagonal (Fig. 57B–C), no difference between males and females.

PROTHORAX. Pronotum smooth, densely and coarsely punctate; pubescence short, fine (Fig. 58D–E); transverse and slightly curved laterally, forming an obtuse angle at lateral areas of posterior margin (Fig. 58E). Hypomeron with close strigulate microsculpture. Notosternal suture straight and slightly turned to lateral areas (Fig. 58F). Profurca elongated, extending half length of foramen (Fig. 58G). Prosternal process short and curved (Fig. 59A).

MESOTHORAX. Mesonotum with prescutellar suture (= scutellar lines, Leschen & Löbl 2005) wavy (Fig. 59B). Scutellum tapered posteriorly (Fig. 59B). Anterior phragma large and straight (Fig. 59C). Mesanepisternum with long imbricate microsculpture. Procoxal rests sub-squared, somewhat rounded posteriorly (Fig. 59D). Mesoventral and median lines somewhat wavy; area between median and mesoventral lines somewhat enlarged (Fig. 59D). Mesoventral process moderately short, with apex more prominent, forming a ridge (Fig. 59E).

METATHORAX. Metanotum with alacrista triangular, posterior portion longish; turned just slightly to posterior end; scutoscutellar suture long and wavy (Fig. 59F). Metaventrite smooth; punctuation sparse, fine (Figs 56B, E, 59D). Mesocoxal line not forming an angle between coxal cavities, just a simple curve and finely punctate under coxal cavities (Fig. 59D). Metanepisternum and metepimeron with imbricate microsculpture. Intercoxal plates with long imbricate microsculpture. Metendosternite with arms close and somewhat straight; ‘stalk ridge’ not exceeding half length of stalk (Fig. 60A); ventral longitudinal flange longish and rounded in lateral view (Fig. 60B).

WINGS. Elytra large, slightly wider than longer; covering tergite VI (Fig. 56A); basal (Fig. 58D) and sutural lines dashed; adsutural area with a row of setae; six rows of coarse punctures (not including sutural line) (Figs 56A, 60C); lateral line coarse punctate; apical coarse punctation dense; apical serrations small (Fig. 60D); pubescence short and fine. Epipleuron with a row of sparse and coarse punctures. Hind wings fully developed (Fig. 60E).

LEGS. Pro-, meso- and metacoxae, and femora with strigulate microsculpture. Profemora fusiform; punctuation sparse, fine (Fig. 60F). Mesofemora longish; punctures sparse, coarse (Fig. 60G). Metafemora longish; punctuation sparse, fine (Fig. 60H). Mesotibiae densely spinose; spines thick (Fig. 60G); metatibia sparsely spinose, spines fine (Fig. 60H).

ABDOMEN. Tergites VI–VIII with narrow imbricate microsculpture (Fig. 61A). Tergite VII trapezoidal when tergite VIII not exposed and triangular when exposed; punctation inconspicuous; pubescence sparse, fine. Ventrites 1–5 with strigulate microsculpture (Fig. 61B). Ventrite 1 densely and coarsely punctate; pubescence sparse, fine (Fig. 61C). Ventrites 2–5 densely and finely punctate; pubescence moderately sparse, fine. Metacoxal lines finely punctate.

Males

MEASUREMENTS (n = 1, in mm). Antennomeres (length(width)): 0.33(0.10), 0.16(0.08), 0.21(0.08), 0.18(0.08), 0.19(0.09), 0.13(0.11), 0.15(0.17), 0.11(0.18), 0.12(0.21), 0.12(0.23), 0.23(0.25); (n = 8, unless otherwise specified; in mm): TL 4.43–5.12 (mean = 4.91, standard deviation ± 0.21), PL 1.68– 2.00 (1.88 ± 0.09), PA 1.2–1.4 (1.34 ± 0.06), PB 2.72–3.16 (3.04 ± 0.14), SL 0.20–0.27 (0.24 ± 0.02), SW 0.21–0.28 (0.23 ± 0.02), EI 2.56–3.00 (2.85 ± 0.14), EL 2.96–3.56 (3.39 ± 0.19), EW 1.72–2.00 (1.90 ± 0.09), EH 1.00–1.25 (1.16 ± 0.08), HW 1.01–1.17 (1.13 ± 0.05), IS 0.30–0.37 (0.32 ± 0.02), WA 0.22–0.30 (0.26 ± 0.03), MC (n = 5) 1.36–1.44 (1.41 ± 0.03), MB (n = 6) 0.64–0.72 (0.68 ± 0.03), VL (n = 6) 0.80–0.96 (0.84 ± 0.06).

Pro- and mesotarsomeres I–III enlarged, with tenet setae (Fig. 60F–G). Tergite VIII pentagonal, slightly acuminate posteriorly; punctation sparse, fine; subglabrous (Fig. 61D). Tergite IX with rectangular ventral struts (Fig. 61E–F). Sternite VIII sub-rectangular, with a smooth projection (Fig. 61G). Sternite IX thick, centrally constricted (Fig. 61F). Aedeagus poorly sclerotized, almost membranous, apex of median lobe very long (Fig. 62A–C); internal sac with irregular sclerites, with a large hook (Fig. 62D– E); parameres L-shaped, very long (Fig. 62A).

Females

MEASUREMENTS (n = 1, in mm). Antennomeres (length(width)): 0.28(0.10), 0.15(0.08), 0.20(0.07), 0.17(0.07), 0.17(0.08), 0.12(0.10), 0.14(0.16), 0.13(0.18), 0.11(0.20), 0.11(0.23), 0.22(0.23); (n = 6, unless otherwise specified; in mm): TL 4.68–5.25 (mean = 4.91, standard deviation ± 0.19), PL 1.76– 2.04 (1.86 ± 0.09), PA 1.28–1.40 (1.34 ± 0.04), PB 2.84–3.28 (3.04 ± 0.15), SL 0.24–0.27 (0.25 ± 0.01), SW 0.21–0.30 (0.25 ± 0.03), EI 2.64–3.04 (2.82 ± 0.13), EL 3.16–3.60 (3.34 ± 0.15), EW 1.72–2.00 (1.90 ± 0.10), EH 1.15–1.40 (1.23 ± 0.08), HW 1.06–1.15 (1.11 ± 0.03), IS 0.30–0.35 (0.32 ± 0.01), WA 0.25–0.30 (0.26 ± 0.02), MC (n = 5) 1.32–1.52 (1.40 ± 0.07), MB (n = 5) 0.64–0.80 (0.74 ± 0.06), VL (n = 5) 0.88–1.04 (0.94 ± 0.06).

Tergite VIII triangular; punctation dense, fine; pubescence dense (Fig. 63A). Sternite VIII sub-rectangular with a triangular projection (Fig. 63B). Vagina and bursa copulatrix membranous, without sclerites (Fig. 63C). Vaginal plate with an apical rectangular sclerite (Fig. 63D) Spermatheca not detected. Distal gonocoxites curved and enlarged at base; gonostyli short, enlarged at base (Fig. 63C, E).

Host fungi

Adults were collected from Psathyrella candolleana (1 record, 3 individuals), unidentified mushroom (“ Lactarius ?”) (1, 10).

Remarks

The dorsal photo of one specimen belonging to the type series (Fig. 64A) and the original description of C. oberthueri are consistent with the data of the specimens studied here. Furthermore, the itinerary of Philibert Germain (P. Germain) (Fig. 64C) was evaluated: in 1885 he was in Minas Gerais and in 1886 at “ Province Matto Grosso ” where the type series was collected (Fig. 64C) (Papavero 1971). The “ Province Matto Grosso ” at that time was a broad province that comprised what nowadays are the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Rondônia. In 1887 he arrived in Cárceres (currently in the state of Mato Grosso) departing from Corumbá (currently Mato Grosso do Sul), and in 1889 he was in Cochabamba (Bolivia) (Fig. 64C) (Papavero 1971). It is likely that “ Province Matto Grosso ” refers to somewhere between what nowadays is the northern part of Mato Grosso do Sul, and the southern part of Mato Grosso. We do not know whether the type series was collected in the Cerrado biome or in riparian forest similar, or even linked, to areas of the Atlantic Forest biome. The specimens we examined are all from two Atlantic Forest remnants of Southeast Brazil, far away from the type locality, but they fit the original description and are morphologically similar to the available image of a syntype (Fig. 64A). At this moment, we prefer to call the specimens we have in hand as C. oberthueri, in the absence of any evidence to describe them as a new species.

Distribution

Known from “Prov. Matto Grosso”, Midwest, Brazil (1886, P. Germain). New records from Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil (Fig. 64C).