3.1. Key to Species of Turcinoemacheilus in Western Asia (Expanded from [10])

1a—Anus situated behind midway between pelvic and anal origins... ... ... ... ... ....2

1b—Anus situated midway or in front of midpoint between pelvic and anal origins... ... ... ... ... ....5

2a—Lateral line complete, reaching to anterior part of caudal fin... ... ... ... ... .... T. christofferi sp. nov.

2a—Lateral line incomplete, reaching to midway between tip of pectoral fin and dorsal fin origin to midway between dorsal-fin insertion and anal-fin origin... ... ... ... ... ....3

3a—A dark blotch at base of anal-fin on both sides; anal-fin origin at vertical of tip of dorsal fin when adpressed to body... ... ... ... ... .... T. bahaii

3b—No dark blotch on side of anal-fin base; anal-fin origin behind vertical of tip of dorsal fin when adpressed to body... ... ... ... ... ....4

4a—Body depth at dorsal-fin origin: 10–13% SL... ... ... ... ... .... T. ansari

4b—Body depth at dorsal-fin origin: 13–15% SL... ... ... ... ... .... T. hafezi

5a—Lateral stripe or row of blotches absent along lateral midline; 7–9 distinct dark saddles on body... ... ... ... ... .... T. saadii

5b—Prominent row of dark brown blotches along lateral midline, usually fused into a lateral stripe... ... ... ... ... ....6

6a—Caudal peduncle length: 6–7% SL; 4–5 mandibular pores... ... ... ... ... .... T. minimus

6b—Caudal peduncle length: 7–9% SL; 5–7 mandibular pores... ... ... ... ... ....7

7a—A dark stripe narrower than the eye diameter along the lateral midline; pre-pelvic distance: 47–50% SL... ... ... ... ... .... T. kosswigi

7b—A dark stripe broader than the eye diameter along the lateral midline; pre-pelvic distance: 50–54% SL... ... ... ... ... ....8

8a—Caudal peduncle length to depth: 2.6–3.2... ... ... ... ... .... T. ekmekciae

8b—Caudal peduncle length to depth: 1.5–2.3... ... ... ... ... .... T. moghbeli sp. nov / Turcinoemacheilus sp. (identifiable through combination of morphological characters, genetic comparisons, and phylogenetic analyses).