5.3. Tulipa buhseana Boiss. in Diagn. Pl. Orient. Ser. 2, 4: 98 (1859).

Type:— IRAN. Prope Yezd Persiae, Buhse s.n. (holotype G) .

Description:—Bulb ovoid, 1.0– 1.5 cm thick; tunic brown, coriaceous, inside at the apex with thin woolly hairs; stem 15–35 cm long, glabrous or rarely in upper part pubescent; leaves 2, very scattered, deflexed or very rarely spreading, glabrous, more or less ciliate, linear; basal leaf broader than the others, 3–6– 10 mm broad, usually do not reaching the flowers; flowers (l–)2–3(–6), widely campanulate, opening to a wide star; perigone segments white, yellow at base, (l3–)15–20– 30 mm long, acute; outer segments lanceolate, dingy violet outside, more or less bearded at the base, about half as broad as the inner segments; inner segments oblong, rather gradually tapering into the claw, bearded and ciliate at base; stamens half the length of perigone, inner stamens slightly longer than outer ones; filaments yellow, thin, densely bearded at base, commonly hairy above; anthers linear-oblong, 4–6 mm long, yellow or at apex slightly violet, short-pointed; pollen yellow; ovary slightly shorter than stamens, short styled; capsule oblong or rarely subglobose, ca. 1 cm in diameter, (l–)1.5–2.0 cm long, short-beaked (Fig. 12B).

General distribution:— Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

Distribution in Uzbekistan:—I-4 Nuratau district (I-4-a Nuratau region; I-4-b Aktau region; I-4-c Nuratau Relict mountains), II-2 Middle-Syrdarya district (II-2-b Mirzachul region), II-3 Kyzylkum district (II-3-a Kyzylkum region; II-3-b Kyzylkum relict mountains), II-6 South Aral district (II-6-b Amudarya delta region), II-8 Ustyurt district (II-8-a North Ustyurt region).

Phenology:—Flowering: March–April; fruiting: May.

Ecology:—Sandy, clayey and stony deserts, relict mountains, sabulous grey soils in piedmonts, up to 500 m a.s.l.

Etymology:—The species is named in honor of F.A. Buhse (1821–1898), famous Baltic-German botanist.

Specimens examined:— UZBEKISTAN: Nuratau district, Nuratau region, Nuratau Range, piedmont plains, 1 March 2006, Maltzev s.n. 9 (TASH!) ; Dzhizak Province, piedmont plain 10 km to the N of the village Osmansay, skeleton light gray soils, 361 m, 31 March 2012, Beshko s.n. (TASH!) ; piedmont plain of Nuratau, along the road from the town Nurata to Baymurad, sagebrush communities, 5 April 2012, Tojibaev s.n. (TASH!) ; Aktau region, Aktau Range, Navoi Province, Nuratau district, piedmont plain 5–6 km to the east of the town Nurata, 450 m, 19 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. (TASH!) ; Kartau Range, western edge of Karatau Ridge, piedmont plain, 380 m, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. (TASH!) ; Kokchatau Relic Mountains, southern piedmonts of Kokchatau relic mountain, 360 m, 22 April 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. (TASH!) ; Nuratau relic mountains, Pistalitau Range, Samarkand Province, Dzhizak district, mountains Kalmante, northern argillaceous slopes, 12 April 1915, Spiridonov 85 (LE) ; Dzhizak Province, piedmont plain between ridges Koytash and Pistalitau, 31 March 2012, Beshko 300 (TASH!) ; southern piedmont plain of Pistalitau, 18 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. (TASH!) ; Dzhizak Province, Farish district, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Uchkulach, 17 April 2012, Batashov 00144 (TASH!) ; Dzhizak Province, Farish district, Nuratau Relic Mountains, Pistalitau, 20 April 2012, Batashov 00143 (TASH!) ; Middle-Syrdarya district, Mirzachul region, Samarkand Province, Dzhizak and Khodzhent districts (Hungry Steppe), station Syrdaryinskaya, loam, 15 March 1915, Spiridonov s.n. (LE) ; Samarkand Province, Dzhizak and Khodzhent districts (Hungry Steppe), tugay in the north-eastern part of the steppe, the well Shorkuduk – Akcheganak, saline loam, 16 March 1915, Spiridonov s.n. (LE) ; Samarkand Province, Dzhizak district, sands Kyzylkum, gull Arnasay, saline lands, 18 March 1915, Spiridonov s.n. (LE) ; Samarkand Province, Dzhizak and Khodzhent districts (Hungry Steppe), region of the lake Tuzkan, south-eastern part, the hill Kensay, saline lands, 1 April 1915, Spiridonov s.n. (LE) ; Kyzylkum district, Kyzylkum region, south-eastern Kyzylkum, on remnants and sand deposits, 9–10 km WSW of Ayakagytma, 24 April 1936, Tarasewicz 39 (TASH!) ; Kenimekh district, Ayakagytma, bedrock outcrops in the depression Bashagytma, southern gravelly slopes, 30 March 1938, Pugasova 34, 44 (TASH!) ; Kenimekhchul, Ayakagytma, 21April 1938, Pugasova 418 (TASH!) ; southern Kyzylkum, 8 km N of the well Ayakagytma, 1April 1957, Momotov, Li 31 (TASH!) ; Kyzylkum Relic Mountains, the ridge Sultanuizdag, gravelly-sandy foothills, 2 April 1913, Popov 62 (LE) ; Karakalpak Kyzylkum, mountains Aktau, soft deposits, 19 May 1932, Russanov 88, 104 (LE) ; Aktau, near the well Yaman-kyr, 18 March 1934, Muravlansky 77, 509 (TASH!) ; 8 km south of the Dzhetymtau, 25 March 1934, Muravlansky 20 (TASH!) ; Karakalpak Kyzylkum, Aktau, Dzhingildy, 20 April 1934, Muravlansky 291 (TASH!) ; Dzhingildy aulie, wet places, 22 April 1934, Muravlansky 290 (TASH!) ; Karakalpak Kyzylkum, Aktau, 22 April 1934, Muravlansky 291 (TASH!) ; south-eastern Kyzylkum, between the spring Dzhangeldy and the well Shaydaras, mountains Kuldjuktau, porphyry, southern slope, in cracks of rocks, 1937, Botschantzev 539 (TASH!) ; south-eastern Kyzylkum, mountains Aktau, surroundings of the well Besapan, gravelly slopes, 22 April 1937, Botschantzev 53 (TASH!) ; south-eastern Kyzylkum, mountains Aktau, surroundings of the well Tyumenbay, in cracks of rocks, 24 April 1937, Botschantzev 87 (TASH!) ; south-eastern Kyzylkum, surroundings of the well Tort-kuduk, outcrops of variegated beds to the west of the well, limestones, 29April 1937, Botschantzev 170 (TASH!) ; mountains Kyngyrtau, surroundimgs of the well Kyngyr, gravelly slopes, outcrops of limestones, 10 May 1937, Botschantzev 302 (TASH!) ; south-eastern Kyzylkum, surroundings of the well Ayak-Guzhumdy, mountains Aktasty, marble, clayey-stony slopes, 13 May 1937, Botschantzev 426 (TASH!) ; Bukantau, Mt. Irlir, 25 March 1952, Novikova s.n. (TASH!) ; Bukhara Province, sovkhoz Dzhangeldy, 2 km NE of the well Ayak-Guzhumdy, mountains Kuldjuktau, 9 May 1956, Momotov 745, 778 (TASH!) ; eastern Kyzylkum, Tashkuduk, argillaceous desert, 9 April 1959, Pangatzev s.n. (TASH!) ; south-western Kyzylkum, UzbekSSR, Bukhara Province, mountains Kuldjuktau, southern slope, on screes, 560 m, 26 April 1976; Ikonnikov 51 (LE) ; central Kyzylkum, mountains Tamdytau, between village Besapan and town Zeravshan, 23 May 1977, Kamelin, Mikhailova, Mishenkova, Safronova, Soloviev 429 (LE) ; central Kyzylkum, Tamdy Aktau, north slope, 24 April 1977, Kamelin, Mikhailova, Mishenkova, Safronova, Soloviev 477 (LE) ; central Kyzylkum, Bukantau, western spurs of mountains Irlir, 27 April 1977, Kamelin, Mikhailova, Mishenkova, Safronova, Soloviev 690 (LE) ; central Kyzylkum, Bukantau, sands between mountains Irlir and Bekali, 27 April 1977, Kamelin, Mikhailova, Mishenkova, Safronova, Soloviev 722 (LE) ; Kuldjuktau, surroundings of Ayakagytma, March 2005, Tojibaev s. n, (TASH!) ; southern slope of Kuldjuktau, surroundings of the Botanical Station, 476 m, 20 April 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batashov s.n. (TASH!) ; South Aral district, Amudarya delta region ( Karakalpak ASSR, Kegeyli district, sovkhoz Berdakh, north side, in sands, 19 April 1968, Sherbaev 1003 (LE) ; Ustyurt district, North Ustyurt region, eastern cliff of Ustyurt, 5 km north of the descent Kassarma, west side of the nameless spring, 4 th terrace, 23 May 1970, Sarybaev 5 (TASH!) ; eastern cliff of Karakalpak Ustyurt, Aktumshuk, 29 April 2013, Tajetdinova s.n. (TASH!) ; eastern cliff of Karakalpak Ustyurt, near the Aral Sea, 30 April 2013, Tajetdinova s.n. (TASH!) ; northern part of the Karakalpak Ustyurt, Almambet, 2013, Shomurodov s.n. (TASH!) ; eastern cliff of Karakalpak Ustyurt, near the Aral Sea, stony-gravelly soil, 13 April 2016, Tajetdinova s.n. (TASH!) .