Platystigma astictum (Selys, 1860) n. comb.

Figures 8, 14, 20, 25–28, 37, 42, 43, 52, 62, 63

Selys (1860: 15); McLachlan (1877: 88); Davies & Tobin (1984: 58); Machado (1985: 35); Selys (1886: 21); Garrison & Ellenrieder (2016: 20); Bridges (1994: VII–21); Machado (1998: 507); Tsuda (2000: 57); Lencioni (2005: 152, 2006: 295); Heckman (2008: 206); Garrison, Ellenrieder & Louton (2010: 391); Schorr & Paulson (2016).

Material examined. Brazil, Espírito Santo State, Colatina, Córrego do Gavião, 1♂ 1♀, XI.1930, X.1936, Rosa leg. (MNRJ) . Rio de Janeiro, Tinguá, (Res. Florestal), 1♂ 1♀, 9.IV.1971, 20.I.1972, N. Santos leg. (MNRJ) . 1♂, Rio de Janeiro, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, 2.I.1973, O. Mielke leg. (ABMM) . 1♀, Nova Friburgo (1.100m), II.2001, E. Grossi leg. (ABMM) . 1♀, São Paulo, Jacareí, Fazenda Santana do Rio Abaixo, 12.IV.2003, F.A.A. Lencioni leg. (FAAL) . 1♀, Paraná, Ribeirão Vermelho, Campina Grande do Sul, 1.III.2003, Mielke leg. (ABMM) .

Diagnosis. Posterior prothoracic lobe of male with median and lateral portions separated by very slight incision, median portion with border straight (Fig. 8); in female median and lateral portions not distinguishable and border of median portion slightly convex. Pterothorax with antehumeral pale stripe reaching about ¾ length of pterothorax (Fig. 14). Venter pale with large black median stripe (Fig. 20). Male Fw hyaline, without pale apical area, pseudostigma distinct. Hw hyaline, pseudostigma gray with seven cells (Fig. 25), becoming orange-yellow at high saturation (Fig. 26). Border of Hw of male with elevation at level of pseudostigma. Female with white apical area reaching level of RP 2 in both wings, with no distinct pseudostigma (Fig. 27). At high saturation white area of Hw becomes light-blue with yellow venation, costal vein orange, and the pseudostigma becomes distinct with 11 cells (Fig. 28). Anterior hamuli with ear-like basal plate, with posteromedial angle sclerotized. Distal portion of batilliform lamina curved ventrally with sclerotized apex. Posterior hamuli curved anteriorly (Fig. 37). Penis segment 3 in ectal view (Fig. 42) rectangular with no visible spines; in lateral view (Fig. 43) with small median row of very short spines. Female cercus in dorsal view (Fig. 52) about as long as S10, parallel, conical, and pilose. Dorsoposterior portion of S10 V-shaped (Fig. 52). Ovipositor reaching about level of hind border of S10 posteriorly (Fig. 62). Lateral valve with 9–10 minute, equal-sized teeth, except distal one larger (Fig. 63). Female similar to male, except for presence of pale apical area in Hw and for border with no elevation.

Measurements (mm): ♂ Hw 41–42, abdomen 59–61; ♀ Hw 42–51, abdomen 57–61.

Remarks. Male and female of P. astictum can be easily identified by the characters given in the keys, the most important being the border of male Hw with subapical elevation. P. astictum is the species with the largest geographical distribution in the genus, occurring in Southeastern Brazil and extending southward to the state of Paraná (Fig. 7). The biology of adults and larvae of P. astictum have been studied by Lencioni (2006) with special emphasis on oviposition behavior. A comparison of the oviposition of P. astictum with that of P. martinezi is made at the end of this paper.