Key to species of Pythamus Melichar, 1903 (males)

1. Crown with off-white or red lateral markings, median longitudinal carina without white spots (Figs 3, 13). Male pygofer posteri- orly narrowed along caudo-ventral margin (Figs 9, 18) ................................................................................................................... 2

-. Crown with white spots along median longitudinal carina, lacking white or red lateral markings (Figs 22, 31). Male pygofer broad, with rounded caudal margin (Figs 27, 35).............................................................................................................................. 3

2. Markings on crown off-white (Fig. 3). Ventral margin of aedeagus gradually curved dorsad in lateral view (Fig. 6)....................... ........................................................................................................................................................................ P. hainanensis sp. nov.

-. Markings on crown red (Fig. 13). Ventral margin of aedeagus distinctly bent dorsad in lateral view (Fig. 16) ...... P. rufus sp. nov.

3. Aedeagus without lateral processes but with lateral ridge, apex of shaft attenuated ...................................... P. dealbatus Melichar

-. Aedeagus with short or long lateral processes; apex of shaft not attenuated (Figs 24, 33) .............................................................. 4

4. Crown with yellow spot on medial keel extending posteriorly to form arrow. Male pygofer with S-shaped ventral process ........ 5

-. Crown with round yellow spot on median keel not extended posterad (Fig. 21). Male pygofer with straight ventral process (Fig. 27) ................................................................................................................................................. P. biramosus Viraktamath & Webb

5. Aedeagal shaft with processes longer than maximum width of shaft in lateral view (Fig. 33) .. P. bispinosus Viraktamath & Webb

-. Aedeagal shaft with processes short, about half as long as maximum width of shaft in lateral view ............................................... ....................................................................................................................................................... P. montanus Viraktamath & Webb