Bostrychopsis parallela (Lesne) (Fig. 7A)

Bostrychus parallela Lesne, 1895: 174 .

Distribution in mainland China: GX, HA, HB, HN, JX, SC, YN, ZJ (Chu & Zhang 1997; Hua 2002).

Other distribution. India, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Hongkong, Taiwan, Indonesia, Philippines, Australia, USA, Europe, Africa (Liu & Beaver 2018).

Biolog y. This species is primarily a borer of large, dry bamboos, with a life cycle extending from one to three years (Beeson & Bhatia 1937). Liu et al. (2008b) described the gallery system of this species in the wood of Lauraceae . Beeson & Bhatia (1937) listed Nastus borbonicus J.F.Gmel., Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees (Poaceae) and Smilax sp. (Smilaceae) as host plants.