Macaca tonkeana Meyer 1899

Macaca tonkeana Meyer 1899, Abh. Zool. Anthrop.-Ethnolog. Mus. Dresden, 7 (7): 3.

Type Locality: Indonesia, Sulawesi Tengah, Tonkean.

Vernacular Names: Tonkean Macaque.

Synonyms: Macaca hypomelanus (Matschie 1901); Macaca tonsus (Matschie 1901); Macaca togeanus (Sody 1949) .

Distribution: C Sulawesi, south to Latimojong, north to the base of the northern peninsula, between Palu and Parigi (Indonesia); Togian Isls (Indonesia).

Conservation: CITES – Appendix II; IUCN – Lower Risk (nt).

Discussion: M. nemestrina species group. Formerly included in Cynopithecus; see Fooden (1969:106-115). According to Froehlich et al. (1998), the macaques of the Balantak Mtns on the E peninsula of Sulawesi constitute a separate species from those of the main part of the range; in this case, the name tonkeana would apply to the Balantak form. Whether one of the other synonyms applies to the better-known form from the western part of Central Sulawesi is unclear. Froehlich et al. (1998) said that togeanus (from the Togian Isl) is a hybrid swarm between the two. Does not include hecki; see Groves (2001 c).