18. Malus yunnanensis (Franch.) C.K.Schneid.

Figs 43–44

Repertorium Novarum Specierum Regni Vegetabilis 3: 179 (Schneider 1906a).

Pyrus yunnanensis Franch., Plantae Delavayanae: 228 (Franchet 1890). – Eriolobus yunnanensis (Franch.) C.K.Schneid., Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde Vol. 1: 727 (Schneider 1906b). – Cormus yunnanensis (Franch.) Koidz., Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo 34 (Art. 2): 75 (Koidzumi 1913). – Macromeles yunnanensis Koidz., Florae Symbolae Orientali- Asiaticae: 53 (Koidzumi 1930). – Docyniopsis yunnanensis (Franch.) Koidz., Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 3 (4): 196 (Koidzumi 1934b).

– Type: CHINA • Yunnan, LanKong, woods at the Hee-chan-men; alt. 2800 m; 22 May 1886; fl; J.M. Delavay 2331; holotype: P [P01819335]!; isotype: K [K000758438, K000758439, K000758440]!, P [P01819336, P01819337, P01819338]!, W [W1962- 0013366]!

Pyrus veitchiana hort., The Gardeners’ Chronicle, Ser. 3 52: 288 (Royal Horticultural Society 1912), nom. nud.

– Type: CHINA • Sichuan, locality unknown; seeds from China by E.H. Wilson (no. 539), cultivated in Coombe Wood Nursery; 30 Sept. 1912; fr; Wilson 539; lectotype: K [K000758472]!, here designated; isotype: A [A00106227] !

Pyrus yunnanensis var. veitchii Osborn, The Gardeners’ Chronicle, Ser. 3 78: 227 (Osborn 1925). – Malus yunnanensis var. veitchii (Osborn) Rehder, Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 4 (2): 115 (Rehder 1923).

– Type: CHINA • Chongqing, Wushan; 26 May 1914; fl; A. Henry 5638; lectotype: A [A00026642]! here designated; isotype: GH [GH00026663] !

Examined specimens

CHINA – Chongqing • Nanchuan; 19 Jul. 1978; fr; Botanical Geographic Expedition 548; PE • ibid.; 30 May 1928; fr; W.P. Fang 1138; IBSC • ibid.; 26 May 1957; fl; J.H. Xiong & Z.L. Zhou 90988; IBSC • ibid.; 4 Jul. 1964; fr; K.J. Guan, J.W. Wang & C.L. Li 1070; PE • Wuxi; 7 Oct. 1988; fr; Y.D. Chen, L.Z. Fu & X.T. Ma 2211; PE • ibid.; 27 Aug. 1958; G.H. Yang 59373; NAS • Chengkou; 25 May 1958; fl; T.L. Dai 100618; IBK • ibid.; 31 Jul. 2006; fr; Y.S. Chen et al. 4680; WUK • Fuling; 9 Aug. 1962; fr; Pucha Team 96403; SM . – Gansu • Kangxian; 15 Sep. 1963; fr; J.Q. Xing 20219; XBGH • Zhouqu; 17 Sep. 1958; fr; Z.P. Wei 2489; HHBG • Wudu; 1 May 1959; fl; Z.Y. Zhang 1103; LBG • ibid.; 18 Jun. 1959; fr; Z.Y. Zhang 5127; LBG . – Guizhou • Songtao; 9 Oct. 1976; fr; Schneid 135; HGAS • Yinjiang; 6 Aug. 1963; fr; C.P. Jian et al. 30532; PE • ibid.; 5 Oct. 1963; fr; C.P. Jian et al. 32124; PE • Jiangkou; 23 Jun. 1988; fr; Wulingshan Expedition 743; PE . – Hubei • Shennongjia; 19 Sep. 1980; fr; 1980-Sino- American Botanical Expedition 1556; PE • ibid.; 3Aug. 1985; fr; S.X. Yang 475; IBK • ibid.; 19 Jul. 2011; fr; D.G. Zhang Zdg 2044; KUN • Hefeng; 8 Aug. 1988; fr; Y.M. Wang 5803; PE • Badong; 19 Jul. 1957; G.X. Fu & Z.S. Zhang 847; PE . – Hunan • Dayong; 18 Jul. 1985; fr; K.W. Liu 33404; CSFI • Tianmenshan; 22 Sep. 2007; fr; F.C. Wu & B.R. Liao SCSB-07102; KUN • Shimen; 20Aug. 1987; Hupingshan Expedition A110; PE • ibid.; 13 Jul. 1987; fr; Hupingshan Expedition 1457; PE . – Shanxi • Puxian; 21 Sep. 1934; fr; T.P. Wang 3780; IBSC . – Shaanxi • Zhenan; 30 May 1973; fl; X.X. Hou 611; IBSC • Ziyang; 19 Aug. 1966; fr; Shaanxi-Qin Expedition 257; XBGH • Langao; 12 Jun. 2005; fr; Y.S. Chen et al. 2464; WUK • Pingli; 27 Jul. 2006; fr; Y.S. Chen et al. 4403; WUK . – Sichuan • Baoxing; 6 Sep. 1963; fr; Chuanxi Team 3006; PE • Muli; 2 Jul. 1978; fr; Q.S. Zhao 6261; CDBI • ibid.; 27 May 1937; fr; T.T. Yu 5780; PE • Yanyuan; 30 Jul. 1983; fr; Qingzang Team 12609; PE • Wenchuan; 28 Aug. 1982; fr; K.Y. Lang, L.Q. Li & Y. Fei 1339; PE • Tianquan; 1 May 1956; fl; H.P. He 43633; CDBI . – Tibet • Chayu; Aug. 1935; st; Q.W. Wang 65519; PE, LBG • ibid.; 11 Aug. 1973; st; J.W. Zhang 1023; PE • ibid.; 23 Jun. 1982; fl; Z.J. Ren Ren 721; PE • Milin; 24 Sep. 1974; st; Anonymous 3402; PE . – Yunnan • Lijiang; 4 Aug. 1981; fr; Institute of Beijing Hengduanshan Team 02609; PE • Deqin; 23 Nov. 1940; fr; K.M. Feng 8854; PE • Yun-ning; 1 May 1937; fl; T.T. Yu 5223; PE • Shangrila; 22 May 1939; fl; K.M. Feng 972; PE • Jianchuan; Jul. 1923; fl; G. Forrest 23482; PE • Heqing; May 1913; fl; G. Forrest 10019; PE • Yulong; 21 Sep. 2015; fr; J.D. Ya & C. Liu 15CS11203; KUN .

Description

Tree, 8‒13 m high. Branches terete, pubescent when young, glabrescent. Leaves petiolate, petiole ca 2.0‒ 2.5 cm long, puberulous. Lamina ca 6.0‒9.5 × 3.6‒5.8 cm, oval to oblong, base cordate, rounded or truncate, equilateral, apex acuminate, acute or obtuse, margin crenate to serrulate, blade abaxially pubescent, usually 3‒5-lobed. Inflorescence corymbose, with 8‒12 flowers. Pedicel ca 1.8 cm long, glabrous or puberulous. Hypanthium densely puberulous. Sepals triangular, puberulous, persistent. Petals ca 0.6 × 0.4 cm, white, orbicular. Stamens 20‒25, unequal. Styles 5, glabrous. Pome ca 1.0‒ 1.5 cm in diameter, subglobose, oblate or oval, red, with white fruit spots. Carpopodium ca 2.3‒2.8 cm long, puberulous.

Phenology

Flowers in May. Mature fruits from August to September.

Habitat

Terrestrial, seasonally green, growing in mixed forests; 1600‒3800 m a.s.l.

Distribution

China (Chongqing, Gansu, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Yunnan) (Fig. 43).

Chromosome number

2n = 34.

Note

Because the syntype specimens J.M. Delavay 2331 of M. yunnanensis still exist, the neotype Handel– Mazzetti 842 designated by Langenfeld (1991: 133) is invalid.