Canthon cyanellus LeConte, 1859

Fig. 15B

Canthon cyanellus LeConte, 1859: 11 (original description). Type locality: United States: Texas. Name-bearing type: syntype (MCZC), examined by FZVM.

Canthon sallei Harold, 1863: 174 (original description). Type locality: Nicaragua: Granada: near Granada city. Name-bearing type: syntypes (BMNH ‒ ex Sallé collection), examined by FZVM.

Canthon spinosus Harold, 1863: 174 (original description). Type locality: Mexico: Veracruz: Tuxpan. Name-bearing type: a single known syntype (MNHN ‒ ex Harold collection), examined by FZVM.

Canthon speciosus Harold, 1868a: 41 (original description). Type locality: Mexico. Name-bearing type: a single known syntype (MNHN ‒ ex Harold collection), examined by FZVM.

Canthon sallei gutticollis Schmidt, 1920: 123–124 (original description). Type locality: Colombia: “La Garita”; see Botero & Monné (2012) for details on this ambiguous locality. Name-bearing type: lectotype (NHRS), designated by Vaz-de-Mello & Cupello (2018), examined by FZVM.

Canthon sallei triangulatus Schmidt, 1920: 123–124 (original description). Type locality: Colombia: “La Garita”; see comments for the previous name. Name-bearing type: lectotype (NHRS), designated by Vaz-de-Mello & Cupello (2018), examined by FZVM.

Canthon cyanellus havranekae Martínez, 1988a: 89 (original description). Type locality: Venezuela: Táchira: Cárdenas: Táriba: Finca La Alameda, “Carretera Vieja Cordero-San Cristóbal”. Name-bearing type: the holotype, having been originally deposited in Martínez’s personal collection (Martínez 1988a), would now be expected to be in MACN (see Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello 2018), but it was not found there by MC in 2014.

Canthon spinosus – Harold 1868a: 42 (monograph, redescription); 1869d: 990 (cited for Mexico). — Bates 1887: 27 (list, cited for Mexico). — Gillet 1911b: 29 (catalogue, cited for Mexico).

Canthon cyanellus – Harold 1868a: 141 (monograph); 1869d: 990 (cited for Kansas). — Horn 1870: 44, 45 (key, cited for Mexico and Texas). — Blanchard 1885: 164, 166 (key, cited for Texas). — Gillet 1911b: 29 (catalogue, cited for Texas). — Leng 1920: 248 (catalogue, cited Mexico and Texas). — Schmidt 1920: 123 (contribution, comments); 1922: 74 (distribution). — Balthasar 1939a: 211 (key, distribution). — Islas 1942: 304–305, 333 (key, redescription, list). — Roze 1955: 41 (checklist for Venezuela). — Halffter 1961: 260 (redescription, distribution). — Vulcano & Pereira 1964: 609 (catalogue). — Martínez 1988a: 89 (list). — Amézquita et al. 1999: 119 (biodiversity). — Escobar 2000: 206 (checklist for Colombia). — Barbero 2001: 2 (list, cited for Nicaragua). — Estrada & Coates-Estrada 2002: 1911 (ecology). — Halffter & Arellano 2002: 147–148 (ecology). — Solís & Kohlmann 2002: 11 (redescription, distribution); 2012: 3 (checklist for Costa Rica). — Hernández et al. 2003: 96 (diversity). — Kohlmann et al. 2007: 28 (atlas). — Noriega et al. 2007: 81 (list). — Pulido-Herrera et al. 2007: 307 (cited for Andean region of Colombia). — Larsen et al. 2008: 1294 (list). — Medina & Pulido-Herrera 2009: 58 (diversity). — Cultid-Medina et al. 2012: 67 (guide). — Ferrer-Paris et al. 2013: 108 (list).

Canthon sallei – Harold 1868a: 39 (monograph, redescription); 1869d: 993 (catalogue, cited for Nicaragua). — Kirsch 1873: 340 (comments, cited for Peru). — Bates 1887: 26 (list, distribution). — Gillet 1911b: 33 (catalogue, cited for Central America and Colombia). — Balthasar 1939a: 211 (key, distribution). — Martínez 1947b: 113 (correction: C. cyanellum var. sallei). — Robinson 1948b: 85 (revision, key). — Solís & Kohlmann 2012: 3 (checklist for Costa Rica, cited as synonym of Canthon cyanellus LeConte, 1859).

Canthon speciosus – Bates 1887: 27 (list, cited for Mexico and Guatemala). — Gillet 1911b: 29 (catalogue, cited for Mexico and Guatemala). — Solís & Kohlmann 2012: 3 (checklist for Costa Rica, cited as synonym of Canthon cyanellus).

Canthon cyanellus sallei – Schmidt 1922: 74 (distribution). — Halffter 1961: 260 (redescription, distribution), 262, 265 (distribution, redescription). — Escobar 1997: 423 (list). — Martínez 1988a: 89 (list). — Barbero 2001: 2 (list, distribution, cited for Nicaragua). — Bustos-Gómez & Lopera-Toro 2003: 61 (diet). — Arias-Buriticá et al. 2011: 876 (cited).

Canthon cyanellus gutticollis – Schmidt 1922: 74 (distribution). — Roze 1955: 41 (checklist for Venezuela). — Halffter 1961: 262 (distribution).

Canthon cyanellus triangulatus – Schmidt 1922: 74 (distribution). — Halffter 1961: 262 (distribution).

Canthon cyanellus speciosus – Balthasar 1939a: 211 (key, distribution). — Balthasar 1941: 343 (list). — Balthasar 1951: 328 (list). — Halffter 1961: 262 (distribution).

Canthon sallei gutticollis – Balthasar 1939a: 212 (key, distribution). — Vaz-de-Mello & Cupello 2018: 51 (designation of lectotype).

Canthon sallei triangulatus – Balthasar 1939a: 212 (key, distribution).

Canthon cyanellum – Blackwelder 1944: 199 (checklist, cited for Mexico).

Canthon cyanellum gutticollis – Blackwelder 1944: 199 (list).

Canthon cyanellum sallei – Blackwelder 1944: 199 (list).

Canthon cyanellum triangulatus – Blackwelder 1944: 199 (list).

Canthon cyanellus havranekae – Blanco 1987: 42 (catalogue). — Havranek 1989: 61 (list).

Canthon (Canthon) cyanellus – Padilla-Gil & Halffter 2007: 88 (comments). — Delgado et al. 2012: 327 (list). — Hielkema & Hielkema 2019: 61 (catalogue for the Guianas).

Material examined

VENEZUELA ‒ Barinas • 1 spec.; Otopún; 28 Aug. 2006; in faeces; CEMT . ‒ Zulia • 1 spec.; Rosario de Perijá; 18 Jul. 2016; in faeces; CEMT . ‒ Cojedes • 4 specs; Hato Piñero, Reserva Natural La Candelaria; 30 Aug.–1 Sep. 1990; G.C. McGavin leg.; frog carcass pitfall trap; CEMT . ‒ Táchira • 2 specs; Rubio, La Tuquerena; 14 Apr. 1982; D. Havranek leg.; CEMT • 2 specs; Palo Gordo, near San Cristobal, La Alameda Farm; 1000 m a.s.l.; Apr. 1987; D. Havranek leg.; CEMT .

Distribution

From southern Texas (United States) to Brazil (Solís & Kohlmann 2002).

Subregions of Venezuela

Maracaibo Depression, Plains, System of hills and low sierras Lara-Falcón, System of hills and low piedmont mountains of the Guiana Shield, System of low mountains and hills Imataca-Cuyuní of Northeast Guiana Shield, Andes mountains, and Central Coast Mountain Range.

Literature records

Schmidt 1922: 74 (Venezuela: Distrito Capital: Caracas). — Blackwelder 1944: 199 (Venezuela). — Roze 1955: 41 (Venezuela). — Vulcano & Pereira 1964: 609 (Venezuela). — Martínez 1988a: 89 (Venezuela: Táchira: Finca “La Alameda”). — Barbero 2001: 2 (Venezuela). — Solís & Kohlmann 2002: 11 (Venezuela: Táchira). — Padilla-Gil & Halffter 2007: 88 (Venezuela: Táchira: Táriba and San Cristóbal). — Larsen et al. 2008: 1294 (Venezuela: Bolívar: Lago Guri). — Arias-Buriticá et al. 2011: 876 (Venezuela). — Ferrer-Paris et al. 2013: 108 (Venezuela: Bolívar: Isla de Anacoco; Miranda: Altos de Pipe; Sucre: Araya; Yaracuy: Hacienda Guáquira; and Zulia: Rosario de Perijá).