Key to males of Tuberculobasis

(Male of T. cardinalis unknown)

1. Paraproct subequal or slightly longer than cercus (Figs 79, 82, 85). Mesepisternal tubercles mamiliform and low (<0.82 mm) (Figs 36, 38, 40, 42, 44)............................................................................................................................ 2

1´. Paraproct much longer than cercus (Figs 57–58, 60–61, 64, 67). Mesepisternal tubercles not mammiliform and high (>1.41 mm: Figs 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 46) ....................................................................................................................... 6

2. Mesepisternal tubercle in dorsal view tear-shaped, tapering to a fine tip antero-distally (Fig. 37). Mesostigmal plates curved and directed anteriorly (Fig. 37) Rondônia State, Brazil ................................................................. T. karitiana

2´. Mesepisternal tubercles not tear-shaped. Mesostigmal plates straight (Figs. 35, 39, 41, 43, 45) ............................... 3

3. Hind part of dorsum of S10 elevated (Fig. 77). Median lobe of hind prothoracic lobe as broad as lateral lobes taken together (Fig. 35). Mesepisternum with metallic luster Suriname ................................................................ T. geijskesi

3´. Hind part of dorsum of S10 not elevated (Fig. 80, 83, 86). Median lobe of hind prothoracic lobe narrower than lateral lobes taken together (Figs 41, 43). Mesepisternum lacking metallic luster........................................................... 4

4. Medial margin of cercus in posterior view with a distinct dorsal lobe making the ventral part of medial margin appear markedly concave (Fig. 86) Venezuela, Brazil ............................................................................... T. yanomami

4´. Medial margin of cercus in posterior view almost straight with no dorsal lobe (Fig. 83) or with only a small one (Fig. 80), with ventral part of medial margin slightly convex to slightly concave................................................................ 5

5. Ventral process of cercus in lateral view a triangular plate tapering ventrally into a fine straight tip (Fig. 82). Penis (Fig. 92) with proximal lateral lobe digitiform. Pará State, Brazil ...................................................................... T. tirio

5´. Ventral process of cercus in lateral view digitiform with tip blunt and slightly curved anteriorly (Fig. 79). Penis (Fig. 91) with proximal lateral lobe triangular. Brazil, Venezuela. .................................................................. T. mammilaris

6. Mesepisternal tubercles with their bases well separated from mid-dorsal carina; lateral lobes of hind prothoracic lobe well developed (Fig. 45). Roraima State, Brazil ...................................................................................... T. macuxi

6´. Mesepisternal tubercles with their bases adjacent to mid-dorsal carina; lateral lobes of hind prothoracic lobe poorly developed or absent (Figs 25, 27, 29, 31, 33) ............................................................................................................... 7

7. Mesepisternal tubercles subparallel (Figs 31, 32) with the anterior border connected with mesostigmal plate by a vertical curved plate (Fig. 31). Amazonas, Pará, and Rondônia States, Brazil .............................................. T. inversa

7´. Mesepisternal tubercles strongly divergent (Figs 25, 27, 29, 33) with anterior border not connected with mesostigmal plate by a vertical curved plate (Figs 25–30, 33, 34) ............................................................................................ 8

8. Cercus in posterior view (Fig. 74) with a dorsolateral semilunar cavity limited by a denticulated border. Colombia and Venezuela .............................................................................................................................................................. 8.

8`. Cercus in posterior view (Figs. 59, 62, 65) with no dorsolateral semilunar cavity ...................................................... 9

9. Ventral process of cercus in posterior view digitiform with medial margin curved (Fig. 62). SE Brazil. T. costalimai

9´. Ventral process of cercus in posterior view subtriangular with medial margin straight (Figs. 59, 65) ...................... 10

10. Mesepisternal tubercles, high (2.36 mm), with the apex subtruncated (Fig. 25). Dorsal lip of medin lobe of hind prothoracic lobe slightly elevated, medially fused with ventral lip (Fig. 25). Anterior margin of mesostigmal plate with a median depression (Fig. 25). Rondônia State, Brazil ...................................................................................... T. arara

10´. Mesepisternal tubercles very high (2.83 mm), conical with the apex not subtruncated, directed laterally (Fig. 29). Dorsal lip of hind prothoracic lobe not elevated nor fused with ventral tip (Fig. 29). Anterior margin of mesostigmal plate with no median depression (Fig. 29). São Paulo State, Brazil .............................................................. T. guarani