Key to the Neotropical species of Triclistus

1. Propodeum in profile evenly declivitous (Fig. 11), with lateromedian longitudinal carinae entirely absent(Figs 17, 18); tergite I dorsally smooth, without lateromedian longitudinal carina..................................................... 2

- Propodeum in profile weakly declivitous (Figs 12, 13) or not declivitous and then abruptly down-turned posteriorly (Figs 14- 16), with lateromedian longitudinal and posterior transversa carinae developed (Figs 19-22); tergite I with lateromedian longi- tudinal carina present, sometimes vestigial................................................................. 8

2. Posterior transverse carina absent (Fig. 17); fore wing with no trace of vein 3rs-m, thus without an areolet.............. 3

- Posterior transverse carina present (Fig. 18), generally discernible, rarely only partially present centrally; fore wing with 3rs-m discernible, generally enclosing a distinct areolet, very rarely only partially present so areolet is open apically............ 4

3. Tergite II subquadrate, at least 0.8x as long as wide; wings hyaline; metasoma entirely black. rivwus Gauld & Sithole 2002 *

- Tergite II rectangular, 0.4–0.6x as long as wide; wings infuscate (Fig. 2); metasoma with tergite I creamy white with center black (Fig. 17), tergites II–IV with lateral and posterior borders creamy white, remainder black............. bicolor sp. n.

4. Mesosoma with large reddish brown markings, or entirely reddish brown......................................... 5

- Mesosoma more or less entirely black, at most with tegula yellowish........................................... 7

5. Posterior ocellus separated from compound eye by about 0.5x its own maximum diameter; metasoma reddish brown; propo- deum with posterior transverse carina centrally faint or lacking....................... mellisas Gauld & Sithole 2002 *

- Posterior ocellus separated from compound eye by about its own maximum diameter; metasoma black; propodeum with pos- terior transverse carina complete (Fig. 18)................................................................ 6

6. Metapleuron predominantly black with isolated setae; submetapleural carina with a series of pits.................................................................................................... pailas Gauld & Sithole 2002 *

- Metapleuron predominantly reddish, smooth and hairless; submetapleural carina without series of pits (Fig. 11). cholo sp. n.

7. Tergite I smooth and with isolated setae (Fig. 23); antenna with 25 flagellomeres; hind femur predominantly cream colored with the base black............................................................................ inti sp. n.

- Tergite I smooth with two parallel rows of setae (Fig. 24); antenna with 34 flagellomeres; hind femur predominantly black with the apex cream colored............................................................... megantoniensis sp. n.

8. Labrum exposed when mandibles closed (Fig. 26, 33, 34); propodeum quite long, rather flat then abruptly rounded posteriorly (Figs 14-16), with lateromedial longitudinal carinae strong (Fig. 19); head in dorsal view with genae slightly declivitous then abruptly rounded (Fig. 25); fore wing with vein 3rs-m absent.................................................. 9

- Labrum not exposed when mandibles closed (Figs 28, 30, 32); propodeum anteriorly weakly declivitous, posteriorly rounded (Figs 12, 13), with lateromedial longitudinal carinae sometimes weak (Fig. 20); head in dorsal view with genae homoge- neously rounded (Figs 27, 31) or homogeneously compressing towards occipital carina (Fig. 29); fore wing with vein 3rs-m present........................................................................................... 12

9. Lower half of face concave (Fig. 33); metapleuron with setae (Fig. 15)............................ ashaninka sp. n.

-. Face slightly convex (Figs 26, 34); metapleuron hairless (Fig. 14, 16)......................................... 10

10. Metapleuron and tergite I highly polished but with fine alutaceous sculpture over most of surface................................................................................................. tabetus Gauld & Sithole 2002 *

- Metapleuron smooth, without any trace of microsculpturing; tergite I smooth and finely punctate (Fig. 19)............ 11

11. Metapleuron with intersection between submetapleural and pleural carinae angulate (Fig. 14); submetapleural carina carinate; fore and mid legs yellowish brown........................................................ matsiguenga, sp. n.

- Metapleuron with intersection between submetapleural and pleural carinae curved (Fig. 16); submetapleural carina smooth; fore leg yellowish brown with coxa and femur infuscate, mid leg with coxa, femur and distal apex of tibia blackish................................................................................... slimellus Gauld & Sithole 2002 *

12. Head in dorsal view with gena declivitous (Fig. 29)......................................................... 13

- Head in dorsal view with gena curved (Fig. 31)........................................................... 16

13. Posterior transverse carina curved at the intersection with lateromedian longitudinal carinae (Fig. 22); mesoscutum slightly concave............................................................................................ 14

- Posterior transverse carina angulate at the intersection with lateromedian longitudinal carinae (Fig. 21); mesoscutum slightly convex............................................................................................ 15

14. Face basally concave (Fig. 8); tergite II 0.8 times as long as wide; hind leg dark brownish................... muqui sp. n.

- Face basally flat (Fig. 30); tergite II as long as wide; hind leg black with white spots (Fig. 3)............. castilloai sp. n.

15. Fore wing with abscissa of 2 rs-m between Rs+2r and 3 rs-m 0.5 times as long as abscissa of 2 rs-m between 3 rs-m and 1 m-cu (Fig. 9); hind femur brown................................................................... warmi sp. n.

- Fore wing with abscissa of 2 rs-m between Rs+2r and 3rs-m 0.2 times as long as abscissa of 2 rs-m between 3rs-m and 1m-cu, (Fig. 10); hind femur yellowish brown.......................................................... yungas sp. n.

16. Tergite I of metasoma with lateromedian carina vestigial, at most only discernible anteriorly; propodeum with lateromedian longitudinal carina weak and only developed basally (Fig. 20)......................... xodius Gauld & Sithole 2002 *

- Tergite I of metasoma with lateromedian carina developed and discernible; propodeum with lateromedian longitudinal carina developed, reaching at least 0.3x length of tergite I................................... vaxinus Gauld & Sithole 2002 *