Cautires Waterhouse, 1879

Figs 6–20, 41–78

Cautires Waterhouse, 1879: 36 . Type species: Lycus (gen. 22) excellens Waterhouse, 1878 by subsequent designation: Bourgeois 1891: 345.

Bulenides Waterhouse, 1879: 34 . Type species: Lycus (gen. 21) obsoletus Waterhouse, 1878 by subsequent designation: Bourgeois 1891: 345.

Bulenides – Dudkova & Bocak 2010: 34.

Diagnosis

Cautires belongs to the subtribe Cautirina in close relationships to Xylobanus ( Lycidae: Metriorrhynchini), from which it can be distinguished by continuous larval terga and a simple, usually slender phallus with a pair of sickle-shaped thorns in the internal sac (Sklenarova et al. 2014). Almost all Oriental Cautires have the male antennae flabellate (Figs 7–20), some species have very short lamellae and the antenna is acutely serrate (Fig. 6). The female antennae are always serrate. Each elytron bears four primary and five secondary longitudinal costae (Figs 41–58) and numerous transverse costae connecting them. Cautires species have the lanceolate phallus with membranous internal sac bearing two sickle-shaped thorns at its base (Figs 59–78).

Remark

The revised concept of Cautires merged the genera Bulenides Waterhouse, 1879 and Cautires Waterhouse, 1879 (Dudkova & Bocak 2010). Later, the terminal position of Bulenides within the Cautires clade was confirmed by subsequent molecular phylogenetic study by Sklenarova et al. (2014). The latter study also redefined the limits of Xylobanus Waterhouse, 1879, which was originally defined by the absence of secondary costae. Some Xylobanus have elytral costae similar to those of Cautires and adults of these species can be identified using the shape of male genitalia. The species group of C. obsoletus corresponds with the limits of Bulenides and these species differ in absence of lateral ridges in the pronotum.