Key to species of the ultor- group of the genus Dolichogenidea Viereck from China

1. Propodeum without costulae …................................................. D. hyblaeae (Wilkinson, 1928)

- Propodeum with costulae (e.g. Figs 5f, 6e, 7d) …............................................................ 2

2. T2 much wider than apical width of T1; posterior tangent to anterior ocellus passing far beyond posterior pair of ocelli ..... .................................................................................. D. amaris (Nixon, 1967)

- T2 at most slightly wider than apical width of T1 (e.g. Fig. 21d); posterior tangent to anterior ocellus touching posterior pair of ocelli ............................................................................................... 3

3. Hind femur yellow to reddish yellow, at most infuscate (e.g. Fig. 4a) ............................................. 4

- Hind femur blackish brown to black (e.g. Fig. 17a) .......................................................... 38

4. Ovipositor sheath distinctly shorter than hind tibia (e.g. Fig. 27i) ................................................ 5

- Ovipositor sheath not shorter than hind tibia (e.g. Fig. 54a) .................................................... 23

5. T2 strongly rugose or rugulose (e.g. Fig. 4h) ................................................................ 6

- T2 smooth to almost smooth (e.g. Fig. 3g) ................................................................. 13

6. T3 hardly longer or slightly shorter than T2 medio-longitudinally (e.g. Fig. 4g) ..................................... 7

- T3 distinctly longer than T2 medio-longitudinally (e.g. Fig. 48h) ............................................... 10

7. Pterostigma with basal spot (Fig. 26c); T3 strongly rugose (Figs 26a, 70f) ............... D. hemitheae (Wilkinson, 1928)

- Pterostigma without basal spot (e.g. Fig. 4b); T3 totally smooth (e.g. Fig. 4h) ...................................... 8

8. Ovipositor with a distinct apical attenuation; three posterior fields on propodeum rugose (Fig. 70) .... D. prisca (Nixon, 1967)

- Ovipositor tapering, curved, without distinct apical attenuation; three posterior fields on propodeum nearly polished ....... 9

9. Ovipositor sheath 1.2× longer than hind basitarsus; disc of mesonotum strongly and coarsely punctate, interspaces less than half of puncture diameter (Fig. 4g) .............................................. D. altithoracica Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Ovipositor sheath at most as long as hind basitarsus; disc of mesonotum sparsely punctate, interspaces more than half of puncture diameter (Figs 21e, 70e) ......................................................... D. expulsa (Turner, 1919)

10. Ovipositor with a distinct apical attenuation (Fig. 44e); wings weakly milky ........... D. multicolor Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Ovipositor tapering, curved without apical attenuation (e.g. Fig. 48c); wings hyaline ............................... 11

11. Pterostigma with whitish basal spot (Fig. 48c); T2 nearly 5.0× wider than long in middle (Fig. 48f); hind femur stout, 2.3× longer than wide (Fig. 48c) ...................................................... D. ovata Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Pterostigma without whitish basal spot (e.g. Fig. 61b); T2 at most 3.7× wider than long in middle (Fig. 61g); hind femur of normal size, over 3.0× longer than wide (e.g. Fig. 61i) ....................................................... 12

12. Tegula yellowish brown (Fig. 61f); vein r of fore wing slightly shorter than width of pterostigma (Fig. 61b); spurs of hind tibia equal in length, nearly half length of hind basitarsus ........................... D. transcarinata Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Tegula black (Fig. 7e); vein r of fore wing a little longer than width of pterostigma (Fig. 7b); spurs of hind tibia unequal in length, outer spur 1/3 length of hind basitarsus ......................................... D. asotae (Watanabe, 1932)

13. T1 posteriorly with weakly or distinctly widening sides (e.g. Fig. 3g) ............................................ 14

- T1 parallel-sided or with weakly converging sides (e.g. Fig. 35e) ............................................... 16

14. Horizontal surface of T1 mostly polished (Fig. 3g); pterostigma pale yellowish brown (Fig. 3b) ........................ ...................................................................... D. alophogaster Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Horizontal surface of T1 nearly entirely rugose (Fig. 60g); pterostigma brown (Fig. 60f)........................... 15

15. Pterostigma blackish brown (Fig. 60f); T2 without transverse striae medio-apically (Fig. 60g); T1 without longitudinal strie (Fig. 60g) [attacking Porthesia taiwana Shiraki] ...................................... D. taiwanensis (Sonan, 1942)

- Pterostigma uniformly reddish brown (Figs 14b, 70d); T2 with distinct transverse striae medio-apically (Figs 14g, 70d); apical third of T1 finely striate (Figs 14g, 70d) [attacking Cania bilinear Walker] ................ .. D. caniae (Wilkinson, 1928)

16. T1 more or less constricted posteriorly; T2 subtriangular or crescent-shaped ...................................... 17

- T1 nearly parallel-sided; T2 distinctly transverse, two to three times as wide as long ................................ 18

17. T3 1.5× longer than T2 (Fig. 35e); ovipositor sheath 0.5× length of hind basitarsus (Fig. 35i); vein cu-a of hind wing straight and perpendicular to 1-1A (Fig. 35b) ......................................... D. lincostulata Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- T3 slightly longer than T2 (Fig. 31g); ovipositor sheath 0.8× as long as hind femur (Fig. 31a); vein cu-a of hind wing slightly incurved (Fig. 31d) ......................................................... D. infirmus Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

18. Body 1.4 mm; ovipositor thin and straight, without attenuation (Fig. 43c); sulcus between T2 and T3 indistinct (Fig. 43d) ........................................................................... D. minuscula Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Body 2.0 mm; ovipositor thick and more or less curved; sulcus between T2 and T3 distinct .......................... 19

19. Horizontal surface of T 1 in greater part smooth and polished; T2 about 0.5× length of T3 medio-longitudially ............ .............................................................................. D. prodeniae (Viereck, 1912)

- Horizontal surface of T1 rugose; T2 distinctly greater than 0.5× length of T3 medio- longitudially ..................... 20

20. Wings distinctly brownish (Fig. 46b, c); punctures on posterior part of mesonotum rather sparse (Fig. 46d); head distinctly transverse in dorsal view, 2.3× as wide as long (Fig. 46h) .............................. D. obsoleta Liu & Chen, sp. n

- Wings colourless; punctures on posterior part of mesonotum denser; head weakly transverse in dorsal view, 1.6–2.0× as wide as long ........................................................................................... ... 21

21. Lateral margins of basal three tergites whitish yellow to yellow (e.g. Fig. 16c); ovipositor sheath at least as long as hind basitarsus (e.g. Fig. 16a) .................................................................................... 22

- Lateral margins of basal three tergites brown (Fig. 27h); ovipositor sheath distinctly shorter than hind basitarsus (Fig. 27i) .. ......................................................................... D. hemituba Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

22. Pterostigma with a whitish basal spot (Fig. 16b); metasoma 1.2× longer than mesosoma.... D. clausa Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Pterostigma without whitish basal spot (Fig. 51b); metasoma a little shorter than mesosoma (Fig. 51a) ........................................................................................... D. pentgona Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

23. T1 polished and virtually without sculpture (Figs 36e, 70i); wings brownish (Fig. 36f) ... D. lissos (Nixon, 1967), comb. nov.

- T1 at most becoming polished and unsculptured toward apex; wings hyaline...................................... 24

24. T2 strongly rugose to rugulose .......................................................................... 25

- T2 smooth to almost smooth ............................................................................ 33

25. Pterostigma brown with a whitish basal spot ............................................................... 26

- Pterostigma evenly brown or whitish without basal spot ...................................................... 28

26. Metasoma nearly yellow to entirely slightly reddish yellow (Fig. 40h); T2 crescent-shaped, poorly defined (Fig. 40h); vein cu-a of hind wing straight (Fig. 40f)................................................ D. lunatus Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Metasoma black, at most yellowish brown ventrally and apically; T2 distinctly transverse, 3.0× to 5.5× wider than long in middle, well-defined; vein cu-a of hind wing curved ......................................................... 27

27. T2 transverse, 5.5× wider than long in middle (Fig. 34h); mesonotum without any trace of striation medio-apically (Fig. 34f); penultimate antennomere cubic .............................................. .. D. latitergita Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- T2 less transverse, 3.0× wider than long in middle (Fig. 25f); mesonotum with a trace of striations medio-apically (Fig. 25g); penultimate antennomere 1.7× longer than wide ................................. .. D. gleditsia Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

28. Pterostigma whitish with dark border (Figs 1b, 70a 2); ovipositor with an apical attenuation; first discal cell of fore wing not wider than high (Fig. 1b); hind femur weakly infuscate (Fig. 1a) .................... D. acron (Nixon, 1967), comb. nov.

- Pterostigma yellow to brown ............................................................................ 29

29. T1 posteriorly with weakly or distinctly widening sides ....................................................... 30

- T1 parallel-sided or with weakly converging sides ........................................................... 32

30. Ovipositor sheath shorter than hind tarsus; areolation on propodeum flask-shaped or lozenge-shaped and open anteriorly; vein r and 2-SR of fore wing angled at meeting ................................................................. 31

- Ovipositor sheath as long as hind tarsus; areolation on propodeum hexagonal and closed anteriorly (Fig. 11e); vein r and 2-SR of fore wing curved at meeting (Fig. 11g) ......................................... D. belippicola (Liu & You, 1988)

31. Ovipositor with an apical attenuation equal to about length of hind basitarsus; areolation on propodeum pentagonal-shaped (Fig. 70g 3); hind tarsomere without longitudinal carinae inside ....................... .. D. heterusiae (Wilkinson, 1928)

- Ovipositor without attenuation; areolation on propodeum flask-shaped (Fig. 56g); hind tarsomere with longitudinal carinae inside .................................................................... .. D. singularis Yang & You, 2002

32. First discal cell of fore wing slightly higher than wide (Fig. 63b); scutellum with dense punctures (Fig. 63f) .............. ........................................................................ D. vadosulcus Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- First discal cell of fore wing slightly wider than high (Fig. 9b); scutellum with sparse punctures, commonly impunctate (Figs 9f, 70b 1)....................................................... .. D. bambusae (Wilkinson, 1928), comb. nov.

33. Body reddish brown (Fig. 54a); ovipositor sheath distinctly broad at apex; vein cu-a of hind wing straight (Fig. 54d) ....... ......................................................................... D. rectivena Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Body usually black (except metasoma of D. numenes mostly yellow); ovipositor sheath not broad at apex; vein cu-a of hind wing more or less curved ............................................................................... 34

34. Metasoma mostly yellow with lateral edges of T1 dark brown (Figs. 45h, 70k 1); propodeum long (Fig. 54e); ovipositor thick, with down-curved, attenuated tip .................................................... D. numenes (Nixon, 1967)

- Metasoma reddish yellow to black; propodeum wider; ovipositor usually without attenuation (at most with a weakly differentiated apical attenuation) ................................................................................ 35

35 Hind femur usually more or less infuscate ................................................................. 36

- Hind femur entirely yellow ............................................................................. 37

36. Ovipositor without apical attenuation; ovipositor sheath 1.5× longer than hind tibia; disc of mesonotum with dense punctures ........................................................................... D. inquisitor (Wilkinson, 1928)

- Ovipositor with a long, but weakly differentiated apical attenuation; ovipositor sheath about equal in length to hind femur, but possibly just longer (Fig. 50a); disc of mesonotum with well separated punctures (Fig. 50c) ...... D. parasae (Rohwer, 1922)

37. Vein r of fore wing longer than width of pterostigma (Fig. 59b); T2 half-length of T3 medio-longitudinally (Fig. 59f); lateral carinae of areolation on propodeum strong (Fig. 59d) .................................. D. stantoni (Ashmead, 1904)

- Vein r of fore wing shorter than width of pterostigma; T2 0.7 length of T3 medio-longitudinally; lateral carinae of areolation on propodeum weak ........................................................ .. D. artusicarina Song & Chen, 2004

38. Ovipositor sheath shorter than hind femur ................................................................. 39

- Ovipositor sheath long, at least as long as hind femur ........................................................ 50

39. T2 smooth to almost smooth ............................................................................ 40

- T2 strongly rugose or rugulose .......................................................................... 41

40. Ovipositor sheath distinctly longer than hind basitarsus (Fig. 8f); vein r of fore wing evenly rounded at the meeting with 2-SR (Fig. 8b); T1 distinctly, but not strongly, constricted at apex (Fig. 8e) ..................... D. atarsi Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Ovipositor sheath a little shorter than hind basitarsus (Fig. 57i); vein r and 2-SR of fore wing angled at meeting (Fig. 57b); base of T1 narrower than apex (Fig. 57f)............................................... .. D. sonani (Watanabe, 1932)

41. Ovipositor sheath longer than hind basitarsus ............................................................... 42

- Ovipositor sheath shorter than, at most as long as hind basitarsus ............................................... 47

42. Pterostigma more or less whitish medially, with darker borders ................................................. 43

- Pterostigma evenly yellowish brown to brown .............................................................. 45

43. T2 nearly equal with length of T3 medio-longitudinally (Fig. 13e); T1 with a short longitudinal carina medially (Fig. 13e); ovipositor thick, with a distinct apical attenuation ............................. .. D. brevicarinata Chen & Song, 2004

- T2 distinctly shorter than T3 medio-longitudinally; T1 without longitudinal carina medially; ovipositor thin, with a weakly differentiated apical attenuation ............................................................................ 44

44. Areolation on propodeum wide (Fig. 49i); T1 with arched sides (Fig. 49f); face more transverse (Fig. 49c) ................................................................................... D. parallodorsum Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Areolation on propodeum narrow (Fig. 12g); T1 parallel-sided (Fig. 12i); face less transverse (Fig. 12h) ................. ...................................................................... D. breviattenuata Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

45. Temple dull without punctures (Fig. 38g); pterostigma small, 3.0× as long as its widest part (Fig. 38c); posterior tangent to anterior ocellus hardly touching posterior pair of ocelli (Fig. 38g) .................... D. longialba Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Temple shiny with shallow punctures; pterostigma large, less than 3.0× as long as its widest part; posterior tangent to anterior ocellus touching posterior pair of ocelli ................................................................... 46

46. Scutellar sulcus strongly and evenly curved (Fig. 22h); areolation on propodeum open at anterior end (Fig. 22e); spines on outer side of hind tibia acuminated ............................................... .. D. flexisulcus Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Scutellar sulcus slightly curved downward medially and upward laterally (Fig. 24h); areolation on propodeum closed at anterior end (Fig. 24c); spines on outer side of hind tibia stout ............................ D. fluctisulcus Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

47. Hind femur infuscate; apical attenuation of ovipositor almost as long as the thickened, basal part and as long as hind basitarsus .................................................................................... D. aso (Nixon, 1967)

- Hind femur nigrescent to black; apical attenuation of ovipositor distinctly shorter than hind basitarsus .................. 48

48. T1 distinctly broadened towards apex (Fig. 17e); T2 as long as T3 medio-longitudinally (Fig. 17e); apical attenuation of ovipositor almost 1.5× longer than the thickened, basal part (Fig. 17h) .................. D. conpuncta Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- T1 parallel-sided or weakly constricted posteriorly; T2 usually shorter than T3 medio-longitudinally; apical attenuation of ovipositor at most as long as the thickened, basal part ........................................................ 49

49. Vein r of fore wing evenly rounded with 2-SR (Figs 30f, 70h); apical two-thirds of hind tibia, red testaceous; T2 smoother than apical two thirds of T1 (Figs 30e, 71h).......................................... D. hyposidrae (Wilkinson, 1928)

- Vein r of fore wing angled with 2-SR (Fig. 65b); apical one fourth of hind tibia, red testaceous; T2 strongly rugose as T1 (Fig. 65f) ...................................................................... .. D. wangi Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

50. Ovipositor sheath longer than 1.3× length of hind tibia ....................................................... 51

- Ovipositor sheath at most 1.3× length of hind tibia .......................................................... 57

51. T2 strongly rugose to rugulose .......................................................................... 52

- T2 smooth to almost smooth ............................................................................ 54

52. Areola oval-shaped; T3 2.0× longer than T2 medio-longitudinally .......................... D. locastrae (You & Tong)

- Areola pentagonal-shaped; T3 about 1.5× longer thanT2 medio-longitudinally..................................... 53

53. Pterostigma with a whitish basal spot (Fig. 37c); lateral carinae of areolation very narrow (Fig. 37d); ovipositor sheath 1.4× length of hind tibia (Fig. 37e) ................................................... D. lobesia Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Pterostigma light brown with darker border (Fig. 39b); lateral carinae of areolation wide (Fig. 39c); ovipositor sheath 1.8× length of hind tibia (Fig. 39e) ............................................. .. D. longimagna Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

54. Pterostigma colourless with dark border (Fig. 47b); sulcus between T2 and T3 indistinct laterally (Fig. 47h) .............. ......................................................................... D. opacifinis Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Pterostigma entirely yellowish brown to dark reddish brown; sulcus between T2 and T3 distinct entirely ................ 55

55. T1 largely polished (Fig. 6h); parts along apical margin of disc of mesonotum impunctate (Fig. 6d); vannal lobe beyond its widest part of hind wing straight (Fig. 6g) ...................................... D. apicurvus Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- T1 largely rugose; disc of mesonotum punctate; vannal lobe beyond its widest part of hind wing more or less convex ..... 56

56. Pterostigma yellowish brown, adiaphanous; apical antennomeres closely jointed; punctures on disc of mesonotum small .... ........................................................................... D. longituba Song & Chen, 2004

- Pterostigma reddish brown, hyaline (Fig. 55b); apical antennomeres loosely jointed; punctures on disc of mesonotum large (Fig. 55d) ................................................................ D. scabipuncta Chen & Song, 2004

57. Pterostigma nearly colourless, with darker border ........................................................... 58

- Pterostigma dark, at most with a whitish basal spot .......................................................... 62

58. First discal cell of fore wing distinctly wider than high ....................................................... 59

- First discal cell of fore wing at most weakly wider than high ................................................... 61

59. Vein r and 2-SR of fore wing curved at meeting (Fig. 10b) ............................... D. baoris (Wilkinson, 1930)

- Vein r and 2-SR of fore wing distinctly angled at meeting ..................................................... 60

60. T2 transverse, 4.0× wider than long in middle (Fig. 23h); penultimate antennomere cubic; disc of mesonotum with large, dense punctures, spaces between punctures weakly rugulose on posterior imaginary notaulic courses (Fig. 23d) ....................................................................................... D. flexitergita Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- T2 less transverse, at most 3.3× wider than long in middle (Fig. 29i); penultimate antennomere 1.7× longer than wide; disc of mesonotum with sparse, discrete punctures, largely absent along posterior margin and medio-posteriorly (Fig. 29f) ................................................................................ D. hexagona Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

61. T1 indistinctly constricted posteriorly (Fig. 41h); T1 with a median trough on apical third (Fig. 41h); areolation on propodeum open at anterior end (Fig. 41e)................................................ D. medicava Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- T1 weakly broadened towards apex (Fig. 19g); T1 without a median trough (Fig. 19g); areolation on propodeum closed at anterior end (Fig. 19f) ...................................................... D. cucurbita Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

62. Pterostigma with a whitish basal spot ..................................................................... 63

- Pterostigma without whitish basal spot .................................................................... 67

63. T2 nearly smooth, at most weakly wrinkled ................................................................ 64

- T2 strongly rugose as T1 ............................................................................... 65

64. Pterostigma with darker border, fully brown (Fig. 62g); ovipositor sheath noticeably longer than hind tibia (Fig. 62d); scutellum smooth or sparsely punctate, brilliantly lustrous (Fig. 62h) .............................. ... D. ultima (Kotenko, 1986)

- Pterostigma without darker border (Figs 42g, 70j); ovipositor sheath slightly longer than hind tibia; scutellum weakly shiny and distinctly punctate at least towards sides (Fig. 42d) ........................................ D. metesae (Nixon, 1967)

65. T1 with median fovea on apical half; head behind eyes strongly contracted.... D. molestae, comb. nov. (Muesebeck, 1933)

- T1 without median fovea on apical half; head behind eyes a little contracted ...................................... 66

66. Lateral carinae of areolation strongly bifurcated into small areolae medially (Fig. 18c); scutellar sulcus with sparse carinae (Fig. 18h); inner spur of hind tibia less than half (2/5) length of hind basitarsus ................. D. crassa Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- Lateral carinae of areolation not bifurcated (Fig. 15f); scutellar sulcus with dense carinae (Fig. 15b); inner spur of hind tibia more than half (3/5) length of hind basitarsus .................................. D. carborugosa Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

67. Vein r of fore wing shorter than 2-SR; T1 polished .............................. .. D. gracilituba Song & Chen, 2004

- Vein r of fore wing longer, at least as long as 2-SR; T1 more or less rugose ....................................... 68

68. T2 rugose to rugulose ................................................................................. 69

- T2 smooth to almost smooth ............................................................................ 75

69. Punctures on disc of mesonotum sparse, interspaces much larger than diameter of punctures (Fig. 58f); ovipositor sheath nearly 1.3× longer than hind tibia, somewhat wider medially................................ D. spanis Chen & Song, 2004

- Punctures on disc of mesonotum much denser, interspaces about as long as or smaller than diameter of punctures (e.g. Fig. 53e) ................................................................................................... 70

70. Ovipositor with a more or less distinct apical attenuation ..................................................... 71

- Ovipositor without apical attenuation ..................................................................... 73

71. Apical segment of fore tarsus with distinct spine; ovipositor thick, with a distinct apical attenuation .................... .............................................................................. D. lacteicolor (Viereck, 1911)

- Apical segment of fore tarsus without distinct spine; ovipositor thinner, with a weakly differentiated or very short apical attenuation ............................................................................................... 72

72. T2 strongly, abruptly curved into T3 (Fig. 53g); lateral carinae of areolation strongly bifurcated medially (Fig. 53f); antenna yellowish brown .......................................................... D. punctipila Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

- T2 weakly, evenly curved in to T3 (Fig. 5g); lateral carinae of areolation not bifurcated medially (Fig. 5f); antenna dark brown (Fig. 5h).............................................................. .. D. anterocava Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

73. Areola U-shaped at bottom; temple shiny with superficial punctures; posterior tangent to anterior ocellus at most touching posterior pair of ocelli ................................................................................. 74

- Areola V-shaped at bottom (Fig. 64h); temple relatively dull, weakly rough with large, indistinct punctures (Fig. 64d); posterior tangent to anterior ocellus indistinctly transecting posterior pair of ocelli ................ D. victoria Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

74. Apical margin of T2 nearly straight; T1 without median fovea on apical half; ovipositor and ovipositor sheath about equal in length .............................................................. .. D. angularis Song, Chen & Yang, 2006

- Apical margin of T2 distinctly curved into T3 (Fig. 20f); T1 weakly concave and polished medio-apically (Fig. 20f); ovipositor at least 2.0× longer than ovipositor sheath (Fig. 20a)........................... .. D. excellentis Liu & Chen, sp. nov.

75. Wing membrane fumous (Fig. 2b); ovipositor thick with apical attenuation (Fig. 2f).......... .. D. agilis (Ashmead, 1905)

- Wing membrane hyaline (Fig. 32b); ovipositor without apical attenuation ..... D. kurosawai (Watanabe, 1940), comb. nov.