Paractaea rufopunctata (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)

(Figure 21B)

Xantho rufopunctatus H. Milne Edwards, 1834: 389 .

Material examined. Brazil, São Paulo: 1 ♂, CCDB 6436, Ubatuba, Ilha das Couves, coll. D. Alves, 16.iv.2019 .

Distribution. Western Atlantic—USA (North Carolina, Florida), Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Honduras, Central America, Antilles, Brazil (Fernando de Noronha, Amapá, Pará, Maranhão, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Alagoas, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo), and Uruguay (Rathbun 1898, 1901; Powers 1977; Lemaitre 1984 as Actaea nodosa; Williams 1984; Keith 1985; Barreto et al. 1993; Cobo et al. 2002; Melo & Veloso 2005).

Remarks. Previous records on the coast of São Paulo include Ubatuba and Ilha das Couves as P. nodosa (Cobo et al. 2002; Alves et al. 2012a, b). The taxonomy of this species is unclear and should be clarified. Most of the previous records in Brazil were made as P. rufopunctata nodosa (see Coelho et al. 2008) and we speculate that distribution also needs elucidation. Sequence accession number (GenBank): CCDB 6436—16S (MT849291) (present study).