Key to species of Scaphoideus based on males from Guangxi, China

1. Head and thorax with median longitudinal yellowish or whitish stripe extending to folded front wings (Fig.1 A–C).........2

- Head and thorax with transverse band between eyes sometimes indistinct, no longitudinal stripe extending from head to front wings (Figs.1 D, E, 2 A–E, 3A–E).........................................................................4

2. Crown with two triangular black spots near apical margin and two quadrangular or zigzag spots next to eyes (Fig.1 A); aedea- gus without process (Fig.4 F, G)...................................................... S. albovittatus Matsumura

- Crown with one spot apically and two round spots next to eyes; aedeagus with pair of processes (Fig.1 B, C)............. 3

3. Aedeagal shaft with one pair of apical and one pair of subapical processes (Fig.5 F, G).......... S. kumamotonis Matsumura

- Aedeagal shaft with only one pair of subapical processes (Fig.6 F, G)....................... S. yuani Chen, Zhang & Dai

4. Crown ochraceous, without transverse band across eyes (Fig.1 D)................................. S. zhoui, Li & Xing

- Crown with transverse band across eyes (Figs.1 E, 2A–E, 3A–E)................................................5

5. Crown without thin transverse band or spot at anterior submargin (Fig.1 E); aedeagus with pair of short processes at base (Fig.8 E, F)....................................................................... S. proxaprocessus sp. nov.

- Crown with thin transverse band or spot at anterior submargin (Figs.2 A–E, 3A–E); aedeagus without processes at base (Fig. 9 F, G,)..............................................................................................6

6. Crown with brown spot on either side of midline on anterior margin, fused with transverse band; subgenital plate with triangu- lar process at subapex, pygofer with process at caudal margin (Figs. 2 A, 9B, C)........................ S. maculatus Li

- Crown with narrow stripe (Figs. 2 D, E, 3A–E) or median spot on anterior margin (Fig. 2 B, C); subgenital plate without pro- cess, pygofer without process at caudal margin (Figs. 10 B, C, 11B, C, 12B, C, 13B, C, 14B, C, 15B, C, 16B, C, 17B, C, 18B, C)..................................................................................................7

7. Crown with transverse band slightly broken into four longitudinal spindle-shaped brown stripes (Fig. 2 B); subgenital plate with lateral margin convex (Fig.10 C); aedeagus with pair of recurved apical processes (Fig. 10 F).... S. assamensis Li & Dai

- Crown with transverse band complete (Figs. 2 D, E, 3A–E); subgenital plate with lateral margin incurved (Figs. 11 C, 13C, 16C, 17C, 18C); aedeagus with pair of processes directed caudally or with processes unpaired or absent (Figs. 11 F, G, 12F, G 13F, G 14F, G, 15F, G, 16F, G, 17F, G 18F, G).....................................................................8

8. Crown with submarginal transverse stripe (Figs. 2 D, E, 3A–E); aedeagus with processes unpaired or absent (Figs. 11 F, G, 12F,

G, 13F, G, 14F, G, 15F, G, 16F, G, 17F, G, 18F, G).............................................................9 - Crown with median spot at anterior margin (Fig. 2 C); aedeagus with pair of lateral processes (Fig.11 F)... S. nigrigenatus Li

9. Connective process distinctly expanded near apex, arrowheadlike (Fig. 17 C, D)................... S. festivus Matsumura

- Connective process slender throughout length (Fig. 12 D, 13D, 18D)............................................10

10. Aedeagus without subapical tooth........................................................................ 11

- Aedeagus with small tooth at dorsal margin of gonopore (Fig.15 A, F, G).........................................12

11. Subgenital plate broad basally, lateral margin slightly incurved at basal 1/3 (Fig. 18 A); aedeagal shaft strongly dorsoventrally compressed, with apical margin rounded (Fig.18 A, F, G, H, I)............................. S. yingjiangensis Wang & Li

- Subgenital plate broad basally with lateral margin strongly incurved at basal 1/3(Fig. 13 A); aedeagal shaft cylindrical, abruptly tapered apically in caudal view (Fig.13 F, G)...................................................... S. bilineus Li

12. Gonopore on ventral margin (Fig.12 F); subgenital plate with lateral submarginal row of macrosetae over distal half (Fig.12 C).......................................................................................... S. exsertus Li

- Gonopore apical; subgenital plate with several submarginal macrosetae at basal 1/3.................................13

13. Subgenital plate digitiform, with apical margin rounded (Fig.15 C)......................... S. dentaedeagus Li & Wang

- Subgenital plate sharply triangular, acutely pointed at apex....................................................14

14. Aedeagus with preatrium present, shaft in lateral view slender, straight, tapering from base to apex (Fig. 16 F, G); connective processes straight (Fig. 16 C, D)................................................................ S. apicalis Li

- Aedeagus without preatrium, shaft in lateral view U-shaped, relatively broad and perpendicular to dorsal apodeme at basal 1/3, narrowed abruptly at midlength, then tapered to apex (Fig. 14 A, F, G); connective processes curved dorsally (Fig. 14 A, C, D)........................................................................................ S. nigrisignus Li