III. Martinella clade

TAXONOMIC INFORMATION. — This clade contains a single genus, Martinella, with four phloem wedges in transversal section.

TOTAL NUMBER OF SPECIES IN THIS CLADE. — Five species (Kataoka & Lohmann 2021).

STUDIED SPECIES. — One species, Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K.Schum.

Regular phloem

Thin fiber bands (Fig. 8G), assemblages absent.

Variant phloem

General configuration. Non-fibrous (Fig.8H),with approximately 10 rows of sieve tubes and phloem parenchyma cells between fiber bands. The axial elements are arranged radially (Fig. 8I).

Sieve tube elements. As seen in transverse section, each sieve element is associated with one companion cell, sometimes two, one at each corner of the sieve element. Sieve tubes occur in radial multiples of 2-3 cells (Fig. 8I).

Axial parenchyma. The phloem parenchyma forms a matrix where sieve elements and fiber bands are embedded (Fig. 8I). Sometimes radial rows of phloem parenchyma are also detected between sieve elements.

Fibers. Fiber bands are present,composed by2-3rows of cells(Fig.8I).

Rays. The limiting rays are lignified only to the xylem side.

Crystals. Not observed.

Periderm

Not observed.