Ht. ankova sub-group

Aduse-Poku et al., (2015, Fig. 1) recovered Ht. ankova and Ht. turbata + Ht. pallida within a grade at the base of the Ht. strigula group, so it is not certain that this sub-group is monophyletic, unlike the Ht. strigula sub-group (see below). In Lees (1997: 156), these ‘ Ht. ankova subgroup’ species formed a morphological clade with Ht. tornado (‘FFTFR’). All these species feature expression of an ocellus in space-M3 and sometimes space-M2 of the HWD. The species occur in marshy areas near rainforest margins ( Ht. turbata and Ht. pallida) or in rainforest, sometimes within metres of forest margins, always flying and perching quite low, from sealevel to over 2000 m elevation.