A. Phanerotomella (modified from Zettel, 1989):

1 Propodeum with long spines laterally (Figs 43, 52, 55, 56); vein 3-SR of fore wing reduced or absent; body length greater than 4 mm; Madagascar ................................................................................... 2

- Propodeum lacking long spines laterally, sometimes with short apophyses or short spines laterally, usually triangular when present (Figs 45, 53, 59); vein 3-SR of fore wing variable; body length variable; mainland Africa and Madagascar ......... 5

2(1) Second submarginal cell slightly petiolate basally (vein 2-SR+M present) (Fig. 57); wing with transverse brownish stripe under stigma (Fig. 57); head blackish, basal third of antenna whitish (Figs 54, 58); body mainly orange; body length 6.9–7.9 mm .......................................................................... Ph. antennata Granger, 1949

- Second submarginal cell not petiolate basally (vein 2-SR+M absent); wing without brownish stripe, otherwise colored; head color and body length variable.......................................................................... 3

3(2) Body orange; frons laterally carinate, median carina strong; length of malar space 0.75x vertical length of eye; 5.2–6.5 mm (Fig. 52)........................................................................ Ph. spinosa Granger, 1949

- Body with large blackish patches; frons nearly without carina, median carina weak; length of malar space 0.66x or less vertical length of eye; body length less than 5 mm ................................................................. 4

4(3) Body entirely blackish; wings strongly infuscate; lateral propodeal spines short (at most 2x as long as their basal diameter); body length 4.3 mm (Figs 61–63)..................................................... Ph. seyrigi Granger, 1949

- Body blackish with large, light, yellowish stripes and patches; wings weakly infuscate; lateral propodeal spines long (more than 4x their basal diameter); body length 4.5 mm ......................................... Ph. erena Braet sp. nov.

5(1) Body length more than 5 mm (mostly from Madagascar)..................................................... 6

- Body length less or equal to 5 mm ....................................................................... 7

6(5) Body blackish; carapace rather elongate; second submarginal cell of fore wing petiolate (vein 3-SR absent and vein r-m starting on 2-SR); body length 5.6–6.2 mm (Figs 59–60).................................... Ph. gigantea Granger, 1949

- Body yellowish; carapace rather oval-rounded in dorsal view; vein 3-SR present but short, thus second submarginal cell of fore wing not petiolate; body length 5.1–5.4 mm (Fig. 65)................................. Ph. subdentata Granger, 1949

7(5) Body mostly yellowish-orange.......................................................................... 8

- Body mostly blackish................................................................................ 12

8(7) Carapace oval in dorsal view, less than 1.75x as long as wide; Madagascar ........................................ 9

- Carapace elongate in dorsal view, more than 1.75x as long as wide (character unknown for Ph. lutea); mainland Africa.... 10

9(8) Vertex, sides of mesoscutum and patch on carapace brown to dark-brown; second submarginal cell of fore wing strongly petiolate (vein 3-SR absent); antenna with 38–40 segments; body length 3–3.7 mm ................. Ph. punctata Zettel, 1989

- Vertex, mesoscutum and carapace entirely yellowish; second submarginal cell of fore wing weakly or not petiolate (vein 3-SR sometimes present); antenna with 41–45 segments; body length 3.7–4.1 mm (Fig. 64)............. Ph. crassa Zettel, 1989

10(8) Body entirely yellowish, stigma yellowish; body length 4 mm; Central Africa.................. Ph. lutea Szépligeti, 1922

- Color variable but stigma and large lateral patch on scutellum dark-brown; body length less than 4mm; South Africa ..... 11

11(10) Face equal or wider than length of face plus clypeus, face and temple shining; body entirely bright yellow; length of outer tibial spur of mid leg more than 0.5x basitarsus................................................. Ph. aurea Zettel, 1989

- Face narrow, face and temple weakly shining; body yellowish but blackish around scutellum; length of outer tibial spur of mid leg less or equal to 0.5x basitarsus.................................................... Ph. capensis Zettel, 1989

12(7) First flagellomeres whitish............................................................................ 13

- Flagellum mainly dark-brown (scapus sometimes paler)..................................................... 14

13(12) Vein R1 of fore wing shorter than length of stigma; body entirely dark-brown to black; Madagascar (Fig. 53)..... Ph. annulicornis Granger, 1949

- Vein R1 of fore wing longer than length of stigma; first tergite with yellow patch; D.R. Congo ... Ph. juliae De Saeger, 1948

14(12) Carapace thin in lateral view; mesopleuron densely and finely punctate; mesopleuron shining; second submarginal cell of fore wing strongly petiolate (vein 3-SR absent); body length 2.7–4.5 mm; Madagascar ................................ 15

- Carapace shape unmodified and weakly arched in lateral view; mesopleuron coarsely punctate (punctations often meeting each others); body sculpture usually coarse and large; second submarginal cell of fore wing variable (vein 3-SR sometimes present); body length variable................................................................................. 16

15(14) Scapus whitish (continental Africa) to mainly darkish with only short white stripe (Madagascar), in all cases scapus apically infuscate; mesoscutum regularly punctate; sometimes first tergite with testaceous patch in male, female blackish (Figs 66–68)................................................................................. Ph. tristis Granger, 1949

- Scapus entirely whitish with small infuscation apically; mesoscutum finely punctate on lateral lobes, longitudinally rugose areolate medially; color of first tergite mostly whitish (excepted baso-lateral corners) on female (male unknown)...... Ph. spB

16(14) Carapace basally blackish; carapace without obvious teeth postero-laterally..................................... 17

- Color of base of carapace variable; postero-lateral teeth of carapace variable..................................... 18

17(16) Carapace sculpture rather reticulate; second submarginal cell with small petiole (vein 3-SR absent); m-cu interstitial with vein 2-SR of fore wing; antenna with 36 segments; body length 3.0– 3.3 mm; D.R. Congo ........... Ph. atrata De Saeger, 1948

- Carapace longitudinally coarsely striate; second submarginal cell of fore wing strongly petiolate (vein 3-SR absent); m-cu slightly postfurcal to interstitial with vein 2-SR of fore wing; antenna with 33 segments; body length 2.9 mm; D.R. of Congo .............................................................................. Ph. lepida De Saeger, 1948

18(16) Carapace with distinct teeth postero-laterally; vein 3-SR of fore wing very short but present; scapus yellowish; base of carapace black (Madagascar) to yellowish (continental species); D.R. of Congo, Madagascar .... Ph. mucronata De Saeger, 1948

- Carapace without distinct teeth postero-laterally; vein 3-SR of fore wing absent, second submarginal cell petiolate; scapus brown; Madagascar .............................................................................. Ph. spA