Key to puparia of Asiothrixus species

1. Caudal setae positioned halfway between vasiform orifice and puparial caudal margin; 15–16 pairs of submarginal pores present along wax secreting glands .................................................................................................................... 2

-. Caudal setae submarginal, closer to wax secreting glands; 25–35 pairs of submarginal pores present in a row along submarginal wax secreting glands; if not, 6–8 pairs of minute pores, equal to dorsal pores, scattered (not in row) and located far from submarginal wax secreting glands ..................................................................................................... 3

2. Dorsal siphons absent from abdominal segments II and III in most specimens (present in a few); abdominal segments rhachisform (Fig. 26); operculum almost as long as wide ..................................................... specialis sp. nov.

-. Dorsal siphons present on abdominal segments II and III; abdominal segments not rhachisform; operculum distinctly longer than wide .................................................................................................................................. silvestris

3. A longitudinal row of crescent-shaped scallops extending from prothorax to abdominal segment II on submedian area (Fig. 37); cephalic setae long, reaching beyond puparial margin; submarginal setae capitate ............................. ................................................................................................................................................................ unicus sp. nov.

-. Scallops absent from dorsum; cephalic setae small, not reaching beyond puparial margin; submarginal setae acute 4

4. Two pairs of submarginal setae present on cephalothorax and three pairs on abdomen; a row of large pores absent along the bases of submarginal wax secreting glands, 6–8 simple pores without associated porettes may be present on submargin (Fig. 13); siphons always present, basal and apical half of siphons never subequal in length; basal half much smaller and much glandular, almost rounded ....................................................................................... smilaceti

-. Two pairs of submarginal setae each on cephalothorax and abdomen; a row of 25–35 pairs of large (usually larger than abdominal dorsal pores, 2.5 µm–7.5 µm in diameter width) pores arranged along the bases of marginal glands (Figs 1, 5, 7); siphons sometimes absent or variable in number, basal and apical half of siphons nearly subequal in length, basal half rarely reduced ................................................................................................................ antidesmae