Key to males of the species of Enithares occurring on New Guinea and nearby islands

1. Paramere large and well-developed, reaching to or exceeding dorsal margin of posterior lobe of pygophore (Figs. 16–21, 35–38); posterior lobe (PL) of pygophore erect, truncate, bearing a small apical notch anterodorsally (Figs. 16–21, 35–38); lateral arms of the basal plate (LABP) elongate and modified distally (Figs. 16–21, 35–38).............( E. atra group) ... 2

- Paramere small or vestigial (Figs. 39, 40, 49–54); PL rounded or angular, without an anterodorsal notch (Figs. 39, 40, 49–54); LABP shorter, stouter (Figs. 39, 40, 49–54)................................................................ 11

2. Body length exceeding 12 mm (Figs. 28, 29, 31, 32)......................................................... 3

- Body length distinctly less than 12 mm .................................................................... 4

3. LABP tapering distally, apex slightly hooked (Fig 37); central New Guinea mountains........................ E. stylata

- LABP expanded distally, apex truncate (Fig 21); Papuan Peninsula................................... E. peninsularis

4. LABP slender on distal half, with apex acute or slightly secondarily expanded (Figs. 18, 19, 36)....................... 5

- LABP stout on distal half, apex blunt or broadly flared (Figs. 16, 20, 35)......................................... 9

5. Distal section of LABP tapering throughout its length, apex slender and acuminate (Fig. 36); central mountains of western New Guinea ......................................................................................... E. ziwa

- Distal section of LABP not tapering as strongly as above, apex rounded or bluntly angled (Figs. 17–19)................. 6

6. Anterior width of vertex less than length of head; distal section of LABP slender, apex rounded (Figs. 17, 18)............ 7

- Anterior width of vertex greater than length of head; distal section of LABP thicker than above (Figs. 19, 38)............ 8

7. Apex of LABP expanded and bulb-like (Fig. 18); ventral margin of proctiger broadly curved (Fig. 18); D’Entrecasteaux Islands....................................................................................... E. insularis

- Apex of LABP rounded, weakly expanded, not bulb-like, curving slightly upward (Fig. 17); ventral margin of proctiger angular (Fig. 17); southern Papuan Peninsula.................................................................. E. atra

8. LABP with apex forming a truncate upturned angle (Fig. 19); Mt. Bosavi, southeastern New Guinea ............. E. bosavi

- Apex of LABP curving gently downward (Fig. 38); Louisiade Archipelago................................. E. tagula

9. Distal section of LABP with apex expanded to varying degrees (Figs. 16, 35); northeastern New Guinea ............... 10

- Distal section of LAPB of relatively even width throughout, apex truncate (Fig. 20); southeastern New Guinea or Waigeo Island............................................................................................... 11

10. Apex of LABP highly expanded, flaring and bi-angular (Fig. 35)........................................ E. elongata

- Apex of LABP not so strongly expanded as above, not bi-angular (Fig. 16)................................. E. orsaki

11. Ventrolateral angle of pygophore produced and acute; posterior margin of PL angled anteriorly; Waigeo Island.... E. digitata

- Ventrolateral angle of pygophore obtuse, not produced (Fig. 20); posterior margin of PL nearly vertical (Fig. 20); southeastern New Guinea ................................................................................... E. papua

12. Dorsal apex of PL bearing stout, spine-like setae (Figs. 39, 40)................................ ( E. bakeri group) ... 13

- Dorsal apex of PL lacking stout, spine-like setae (Figs. 49–54)............................. ( E. megalops group) ... 14