Cervus nippon Temminck, 1838 . Coup d'oeil sur la faune des iles de la Sonde et de L'empire du Japon, p. 22.

TYPE LOCALITY: Japan .

DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan; E. China; Manchuria; Korea; adjacent E. Siberia; Japan; Quelpart Isis; Ryukyu Isis., Tsushima Isis. (Japan); Vietnam.

COMMENT: Includes hortulorum, taiouanus and pulchellus, which were considered species by Imaizumi, 1970, Bull. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, 13: 185-194. Reviewed by Feldhamer, 1980, Mamm. Species, 128:1-7.

PROTECTED STATUS: U.S. ESA - Endangered as C. n. grassianus subspecies only. U.S. ESA - Endangered as C. n. keramae subspecies only. U.S. ESA - Endangered as C. n. kopschi subspecies only. U.S. ESA - Endangered as C. n. mandarinus subspecies only. U.S. ESA - Endangered as C. n. taiouanus subspecies only.

ISIS NUMBER: 5301419006004009001.