Anthidium (Anthidium) pseudophilorum Niu & Zhu, sp. nov.

(Fig. 21 a–j, male; Fig. 22 a–f, female)

Diagnosis: Males of this species differ from all other Chinese Anthidium except A. cingulatum by the submedian spines on T7. From A. cingulatum it can be separated by the long median spine of T7 which extends posteriorly as far as the submedian spines. It shares with A. philorum Cockerell, 1910 in both sexes the black indentations anteriorly on their yellow tergal bands; female T6 of A. philorum Cockerell, 1910 has preapical lateral projection (Fig. 18f), lateral margin of male S6 is straight and slanting (Fig. 19g), male T7 is without submedian spine (Fig. 19f). In contrast, the species’ female T6 lacks a preapical lateral projection (Fig. 22f), apical margin of male S6 is deeply emarginated, with distinct lateral lobe, and median lobe is bilobed (Fig. 21f), male T7 is with submedian spine (Fig. 21e), and the median spine of T7 is nearly as long as the submedian spine (Fig. 21e).

Description: Male. BL = 10 mm (Fig. 21a); head broader than long, HW: HL = 61: 53 (Fig. 21b); gena nearly as broad as eye, GW: EW = 17: 16. Clypeus broader than long, apical margin of clypeus smooth, straight medially; mandible with four teeth, apical one sharp and longest, third one and the fourth ones combined together (Fig. 21b); omaular carina absent; pronotal lobe rounded anteriorly; scutellum rounded posterolaterally, without tooth, not greatly overhanging metanotum and propodeum (Fig. 21c); propodeum without fovea behind spiracle; fore wing with two submarginal cells, cells nearly equal in length, second recurrent vein meets distal to second submarginal crossvein (Fig. 21a); arolia absent; apical margin of S6 deeply emarginated, with distinct lateral lobe, and median lobe bilobed (Fig. 21f), S7 as in Fig. 21g; apical process of S8 broad triangular (Fig. 21h); T6 with distinct lateral spine (Fig. 21e); T7 with submedian spine (Fig. 21e), and the median spine of T7 nearly as long as submedian spine (Fig. 21e); genitalia respectively shown in Fig. 21i (in dorsal view) and Fig. 21j (in lateral view). T1 with four light yellow spots, T2–T4 with interrupted medially bands, and the bands with forward notches laterally, T5 with uninterrupted band, with semicircle-shaped area medially and forward notches laterally, T6 with two combined maculations, with a broad V-shaped area medially (Fig. 21d, Fig. 21e). Integument black, except dark blackish brown on anterior surface of antenna (Fig. 21a), coxae, trochanters and femora; light yellow on clypeus, lower part of paraocular area, outer surface of mandible except teeth, one small marking on vertex near apex of eye (Fig. 21b), anterior lateral part of tegula (Fig. 21c), maculations of metasomal terga (Fig. 21d), basitarsi (Fig. 21a); reddish-brown on teeth (Fig. 21b); slightly brownish on mediotarsi and distitarsi (Fig. 21a); dark brownish on sterna. Fore wing hyaline, veins and stigma brownish (Fig. 21a). Lower part of face, gena, and lower part of mesepisternum covered with long and dense white pubescence (Fig. 21a, Fig. 21b); vertex, scutum, and scutellum covered long and dense pale yellowish-white pubescence (Fig. 21a, Fig. 21c); metasomal terga covered with long sparse yellowish-white pubescence; apical margin of S4 medially covered with dense yellowish-brown pubescence brush, other sterna covered with long sparse yellowish-brownish pubescence; basitarsi covered with yellowish-brown hair; coxae, trochanters, femora, tibiae covered with long sparse pale whitish hair.

Female. BL = 7.8 mm (Fig. 22a); head broader than long, HW: HL = 59: 50 (Fig. 22b); gena nearly as broad as eye, GW: EW = 16: 15. Clypeus broader than long, apical margin nearly smooth, straight medially, with two distinctly lateral tubercles (Fig. 22c); mandible with five teeth separated by acute notches, apical one sharp and longest, others slightly rounded, about 1/2 as long as apical one (Fig. 22c); omaular carina absent; pronotal lobe rounded anteriorly; scutellum rounded posterolaterally, without tooth, not greatly overhanging metanotum and propodeum (Fig. 22d); propodeum without fovea behind spiracle; fore wing with two submarginal cells, cells nearly equal in length, second recurrent vein meets distal to second submarginal crossvein (Fig. 22a); arolia absent; T6 without preapical lateral projection (Fig. 22f). Integument black, except yellow on one small marking on vertex near apex of eye respectively (Fig. 22a), anterior lateral part of tegula (Fig. 22a), maculations of metasomal terga (Fig. 22e, Fig. 22f); reddish-brown on tarsi (Fig. 22a, 22b). Fore wing hyaline, veins and stigma dark brownish (Fig. 22a). T1–T4 with interrupted medially bands, bands with forward notches, T5 with uninterrupted band, with broad V-shaped area medially, forward notches laterally, T6 with two separated makings (Fig. 22e, Fig. 22f). Lower part of gena covered with yellowish-white pubescence, lower part of face, vertex, scutum, scutellum, mesepisternum, and both lateral sides of metasomal terga covered dense yellowish-brown pubescence (Fig. 22a, Fig. 22c, Fig. 22d, Fig. 22e, Fig. 22f); coxae, trochanters, femora, tibiae covered with sparse yellowish hair; outer surface of tarsi covered with sparse golden hair, inner surface of tarsi covered with dense brownish hair; scopa golden.

Type material: Holotype, ♂, China, Xinjiang: Taxkorgan Tajik Zizhixian, Hongqilafu (36º55′N, 75º33′E), 4500

m, 12.VIII.1989, leg. Xue-Zhong ZHANG; paratypes: 1 ♂, China, Qinghai: Qianlian Xian (38º06′N, 100º12′E) ,

28.VII.1977, leg. Bao-Ling ZHANG, 1 ♀, Dulan Xian, Chahanwusu County, Road-G 109, 2413 km (36º05′N,

98º12′E), 700 m, 15.VII.2017, leg. Qing-Tao Wu and Dan ZHANG; Xizang, Bailang Xian, Duqing Town, Qiaga

Village (29º04′N, 89º15′E), 3901 m, 1 ♀, 25.VII.2019, leg, Qing-Tao Wu & Dan ZHANG. Distribution: China (Qinghai, Xinjiang, Xizang). Floral association: unknown. Etymology: The specific epithet references similarity to A. (A.) philorum Cockerell, 1910 .