Genus Glossoscolex Leuckart, 1835 (in Froriep 1835)

Type species: Glossoscolex giganteus Leuckart, 1835 .

Diagnosis. Setae in 8 longitudinal lines. One pair of male pores. One pair of calciferous glands in 11th or 12th segment with composite-tubular structure. Sexual system metandric and metagynic; seminal vesicles generally long; a pair of copulatory bulbs connecting sperm ducts and the external male genital pores; spermathacae absent.

Number of described species/subspecies: 55 (including the ones in the present paper and Bartz et al. 2018, this volume). Distribution (No. species/subspecies): Argentina (6), Brazil (48), Paraguay (4), Uruguay (4) (Fragoso & Brown 2007; Bartz et al. 2018). Five species are known from more than one country (Fragoso & Brown 2007).