Glenopopillia Lin, 1980

Glenopopillia Lin, 1980: 75, 77, Figs 1–3.

Glenopopillia: ZORN (2006): 272 (catalogue); KRAJČÍK (2007): 72 (catalogue); KRAJČÍK (2012): 113 (catalogue); ZORN & BEZDĚK (2016): 350 (catalogue).

Type species. Glenopopillia maculata Lin, 1980, by original designation.

Generic characters. Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Anomalini, Popilliina . Body elongate ovoid, dorsum weakly convex. Length 10.0–14.0 mm. Body with strong greenish or reddish metallic luster, except for elytra which are contrastingly orange brown or maculate black-yellow and legs which are partly orange. Clypeus weakly reflexed. Pronotum with two large, deep oblique impressions near each lateral margin (except for Glenopopillia albopilosa sp. nov. and G. klossi), with anterior angles acute and strongly produced and posterior angles obtuse; sides strongly converging in anterior third; basal margin of pronotum straight before scutellum, basal marginal line interrupted medially; surface finely and sparsely punctate. Elytron with prominent humeral umbone and apical protuberance; posterior margin evenly rounded; apicosutural angle dentiform; surface with regular punctate striae; all intervals slightly convex; apical curvature lined by a more or less extensive opaque area; elytral lateral margin with row of usually dark, rigid setae (all setae white and soft only in G. albopilosa sp. nov.), which are present also at apico-sutural angle, except for G. klossi . Base of mesepimeron not exposed beyond elytral base in dorsal view. Meso-metaventral process short (previously known as mesosternal process), compressed between mesocoxae, anteriorly vertical, straight; apex subcircular, bulbiform in ventral view. Posterior margin of propygidium exposed by elytra, with fringe of white setae, except for G. klossi . Pygidium strongly convex in males. Protibia bidentate. Metatibia strongly fusiform. Proximal abdominal ventrites laterally carinate, all abdominal ventrites with transverse band of whitish setae. Sexual dimorphism present as follows: protibia wide with approximated teeth (terminal tooth short and pointed) and spur short in males vs. protibia more slender with teeth more distant (terminal tooth long and spatulate) and spur long in females; protarsus somewhat thicker and protarsomeres 1–4 shorter in males, while protarsus very slender and protarsomeres 1–4 longer in females; inner protarsal claw and outer mesotarsal claw very long, cleft, with upper branch spiniform in males, shorter and less unequal in females; metatarsal claws very unequal in males, more equal in females.

Diagnosis. The character of the long, rigid or soft setae along the lateral margin of the elytra (soft only in G. albopilosa sp. nov.), with similar setae usually present at the apico-sutural angle, is unique within the subtribe Popilliina .

Identification key to the Glenopopillia species

1 Pronotum smooth, with only one small fossa on each side (Fig. 7A); apico-sutural angle of elytron without white or spiniform setae (Fig. 7A); propygidium glabrous, without white setae (Fig. 7D); pygidium glabrous (Fig. 7D); Malaysia: Perak and Selangor States, Myanmar: Tanintharyi Region. ................................ ..................................................... G. klossi (Ohaus, 1926)

– Pronotum with at least one deep, oblique impression on each side (e.g. Figs 2A, 3A); apico-sutural angle of elytron with one or several white or spiniform setae (e.g. Fig. 2D); propygidium with fringe of white setae at posterior margin (e.g. Fig. 2D); pygidium with white setae near base (e.g. Fig. 2D). ........................................ 2

2 Setae at lateral margin and apico-sutural angle of elytron white, rather short and sofl (Fig. 2I); antennal club longer than combined length of remaining antennomeres (male, female unknown) (Fig. 2E); each side of pronotum with only one distinct oblique impression, which is densely punctate (Fig. 2E); Vietnam: Lâm Đồng and Thừa Thiên-Huế Provinces. ........................... ....................................................... G. albopilosa sp. nov.

– Setae at lateral margin and apico-sutural angle of elytron dark, rigid, spiniform (e.g. Figs 9A, D); antennal club as long as antennomeres 2–6 (e.g. Fig. 9E); each side of pronotum with two distinct oblique impressions (e.g. Fig. 9E). .................................................. 3

3 Elytra predominantly light brown with vague yellow spots, sometimes with additional small black or brownish spots (e.g. Figs 3C, F). ............................................ 4

– Elytra predominantly blackish-brown, at least predominantly black laterally and posteriorly, with sharply defined yellow spots (e.g. Fig. 3A). ............................... 7

4 Elytra with small blackish spots (Fig. 3C); punctures of subsutural interstice almost disappearing in posterior third (Fig. 3C); epipleuron with numerous short white setae near humerus (Fig. 3I); China: Yunnan Prov., Laos: Louang Namtha Prov. ............. G. mengi sp. nov.

– Elytra without small blackish spots (e.g. Fig. 3F); punctures of subsutural interstice reaching apex (e.g. Fig. 3F); epipleuron only with few white setae near humerus (e.g. Fig. 3L). ............................................................. 5

5 Sutural margin blackened but costal interval 1 light brown (e.g. Fig. 3D); fringe of white setae of propygidium short, one third as long as propygidium in middle (e.g. Fig. 4P). .................................................................... 6

– Suture and inner 1/3 to 1/2 of costal interval 1 blackened (Fig. 3F); fringe of white setae of propygidium long, half as long as length of propygidium in middle (Fig. 4R); Vietnam: Cao Bằng Prov. .................... G. skalei sp. nov.

6 Abdominal ventrites with a transverse row of white setae in the posterior half and distinct irregular white setae in the anterior half of ventrite 2–4 (Fig. 4D); species from China: Xishuangbanna, and northern Laos. ........ .................................. G. rufipennis rufipennis Lin, 1980

– Abdominal ventrites with a transverse row of white setae in the posterior half and irregular white setae only in the anterior half of ventrite 2 (Fig. 6B); species from northern Vietnam. ............................................... ...................................... G. fossulata (Benderitter, 1929)

7 Disc of elytra mostly light brown anteriorly, only posterior third of elytra black with yellow to light brown spots (Fig. 3E); Laos: Attapeu Prov. ............................... ............................... G. rufipennis nigropicta subsp. nov.

– Disc of elytra predominantly black, with sharply defined yellow to light brown spots (e.g. Fig. 3A). ........... 8

8 Protibia more slender in males, 3.9 times longer than wide (Fig. 3A); secondary stria on interstice 2 present only anteriorly (Fig. 3A); metatibia weakly fusiform (Fig. 4A); yellow lateral spots of elytra divided (Fig. 3A); species from India. .................. G. forceps sp. nov.

– Protibia slightly stouter in males, 3.4–3.6 times longer than wide (e.g. Fig. 3B); secondary stria on interstice 2 reaching the posterior quarter of elytra (e.g. Fig. 3B); metatibia strongly fusiform (e.g. Fig. 4B); yellow lateral spot of elytra not divided (e.g. Fig. 3B); species from Vietnam and China. ....................................................... 9

9 Punctation of pronotum between impressions distinct, extremely shallow and sparse only in very middle (Fig. 3B); terminal tooth of parameres smaller than preapical lateral tooth (Fig. 5B); China: Guangxi, Vietnam: Bắc Giang Prov. ......................... G. maculata Lin, 1980

– Punctation of pronotum extremely fine and shallow between impressions (Fig. 9E); terminal tooth of parameres larger than preapical lateral tooth (Fig. 9F); Vietnam: Vĩnh Phúc and Lào Cai Prov. .......................... ............................................ G. nagaii (Sabatinelli, 1997)