Genus CHRYSOBOTHRIS Eschscholtz, 1829

synonym: Amblis Gistel 1834 .

synonym: Odontomus Kirby 1837 . synonym: Aglaura Gistel 1848 .

synonym: Tamina Gistel 1848 .

synonym: Euocys Gistel 1856.

synonym: Knowltonia Fisher 1935 .

Chrysobothris affinis (Fabricius) 1794: 450, 458 ( Buprestis); Richter 1952: 212; Radjabi 1968: 71 (?variety of affinis and var. heterochroa Obenberger 1916, unavailable); Modarres Awal 1997: 135 (with var. heterochroa Obenberger); Borumand 2002: 47; Kubáň 2006: 384; Bellamy 2008c: 1590; Barimani et al. 2008: 201, 2009: 66; Rajabpour et al. 2012 (author: Ménétriés).

synonym: congener (Paykull) 1799: 222 ( Buprestis).

synonym: tristis Abeille de Perrin 1900: 4 (preoccupied by tristis Deyrolle 1864).

synonym: adusta Abeille de Perrin 1901: 8.

synonym: cavinithorax Obenberger 1917d: 52 (variety of affinis; unused original spelling). synonym: carinithorax Obenberger 1917d: 52 (variety of affinis).

synonym: materculae Holynski 1975: 357.

[subgenus Chrysobothris].

Immatures: Schiødte 1870: 357, 372; Perris 1875: 381, 1877: 123; Richter 1952: 214; Palm 1962: 75; Bílý 1975a: 419, 1999a: 29.

Biology/Bionomy: Bílý 2003: 50.

Host plant(s) within Iran. Apple ( Malus sp.), apricot ( Prunus sp.), pear ( Pyrus, Rosaceae) white mulberry ( Morus sp., Moraceae) (Modarres Awal 1997); Albizia lebbec k, Prosopis cineraria (Fabaceae), Callistemon citrinus (Myrtaceae) (Rajabpour et al. 2012).

Distribution within Iran. Chaharmahal & Bakhtiary, Kerman (Borumand 2002), East Azarbaijan (Modarres Awal 1997; Borumand 2002), Guilan, Hamadan, Isfahan, Lorestan, Sistan & Baluchestan, Yazd, Zanjan (Modarres Awal 1997), Khuzestan (Rajabpour et al. 2012), Mazandaran (Barimani et al. 2008, 2009), Qazvin (Radjabi 1968; Borumand 2002), Tehran (Radjabi 1968; Modarres Awal 1997; Borumand 2002), Iran (no locality cited) (Richter 1952; Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Distribution outside Iran. Albania, Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia- Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,? Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Lichtenstein, Luxembourg Macedonia, Moldavia, Montenegro, Morocco,? the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c). Note. Two parasitoid wasps, Glyptomorpha pectoralis (Brullé, 1832) ( Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Braconinae) (2♀, 2♂) and Varzobia tibialis Nikol'skaya, 1960 ( Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) (3♀) were collected as the parasitoid of Chrysobothris affinis in Lahijan (Guilan province) and Golestan National Park (Golestan province), respectively.

Chrysobothris affinis nevskyi Richter 1944: 72; Farahbakhsh 1960: 74; Modarres Awal 1997: 135; Kubáň 2006: 384; Bellamy 2008c: 1593.

Host plant(s) within Iran. Apricot ( Prunus sp., Rosaceae), white mulberry ( Morus sp., Moraceae) (Farahbakhsh 1960; Modarres Awal 1997).

Distribution within Iran. Northern provinces (Farahbakhsh 1960; Modarres Awal 1997), Iran (no locality cited) (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Distribution outside Iran. Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Chrysobothris affinis tetragramma (Ménétriés) 1832: 149 ( Buprestis); Théry 1925: 81 (variety of affinis); Richter 1952: 214; Davatchi et al. 1959: 245; Farahbakhsh 1960: 74; Radjabi 1968: 71; Adeli 1972: 11; Modarres Awal 1997: 135; Borumand 2002: 47; Kubáň 2006: 384; Bellamy 2008c: 1593; Barimani et al. 2010: 131. synonym: reitteri Kerremans 1900: 304 (nomen novum for inaequalis Reitter 1895); Kubáň 2006: 44 (new assignment), 384.

synonym: inaequalis Reitter 1895b: 128 (preoccupied by inaequalis Waterhouse 1889); Kubáň 2006: 44 (new assignment), 384.

Host plant(s) within Iran. Ulmus sp., Salix sp., Juglans sp., fruit trees (Adeli 1972), apple ( Malus sp., Rosaceae), elm ( Ulmus sp., Ulmaceae), walnut ( Juglans sp., Juglandaceae), willow ( Salix sp., Salicaceae) (Davatchi et al. 1959; Farahbakhsh 1960; Modarres Awal 1997).

Distribution within Iran. Golestan (Richter 1952), Hamadan (Théry 1925), Isfahan (Richter 1952, as tetragramma ab. bienerti), Mazandaran (Barimani et al. 2010), Sistan & Baluchestan (Radjabi 1968; Modarres Awal 1997; Borumand 2002), northern provinces (Adeli 1972; Farahbakhsh 1960; Modarres Awal 1997), Iran (no locality cited) (Davatchi et al. 1959; Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Distribution outside Iran. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Chrysobothris bicolorata Bílý 2000: 20; Kubáň 2006: 383; Bellamy 2008c: 1601. [subgenus Abothris].

Distribution within Iran. Khuzestan (Bílý 2000), Iran (no locality cited) (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c). Distribution outside Iran. None recorded.

Chrysobothris catei Barries 2009: 55 .

[subgenus Chrysobothris].

Distribution within Iran. Kuhgiloyeh & Boyerahmad (Barries 2009). Distribution outside Iran. None recorded.

Chrysobothris hexastigma Mannerheim 1837: 78; Semenov - Tian-Shankij & Richter 1934: 93 (synonym of affinis); Kubáň 2006: 383; Volkovitsh 2006: 58 (ressurected from synonymy); Bellamy 2008c: 1637. synonym: deserticola Semenov-Tian-Shankij & Richter 1934: 94; Radjabi 1974: 38; Abai & Adeli 1984: 71; Modarres Awal 1997: 135; Borumand 2002: 48; Volkovitsh 2006: 57 (synonym of hexastigma). [subgenus Chrysobothris].

Biology/Bionomy: Kaplin 1981: 48, 52 (as deserticola) (with bibliography).

Host plant(s) within Iran. Platanus orientalis L. ( Platanaceae), trunk (Abai & Adeli 1984, as deserticola). Distribution within Iran. Khorasan (Radjabi 1974; Borumand 2002, as deserticola), generally distributed (Abai & Adeli 1984, as desertcola).

Distribution outside Iran. Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c). Note. Records for Platanus as a host plant and general distribution within Iran in Abai & Adeli (1984) are most probably based on misidentification; according to Kaplin (1981) and our observations (MGV) this species is associated with Ammodendron spp. ( Fabaceae) in sandy deserts.

* Chrysobothris jakovlevi Semenov-Tian-Shankij 1891: 340; Abai & Adeli 1984: 67; Modarres Awal 1997: 135; Kubáň 2006: 384; Bellamy 2008c: 1643.

unused original spelling: jakowlewi Semenov-Tian-Shankij 1891: 340. [subgenus Abothris].

Biology/Bionomy: Kaplin 1981: 48, 52 (with bibliography).

Host plant(s) within Iran. Pistacia spp. ( Anacardiaceae), branches (Abai & Adeli 1984), wild pistachio ( Pistacia sp.) (Modarres Awal 1997).

Distribution within Iran. Khorasan (Abai & Adeli 1984; Modarres Awal 1997). Distribution outside Iran. Turkmenistan (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Note. Probable misidentification; according to Kaplin (1981) and our observations (MGV) this species associates with Ammodendron spp. ( Fabaceae) in sandy deserts.

Chrysobothris nana Fairmaire 1892b: clii; Kubáň 2006: 384; Bellamy 2008c: 1654. synonym: turkestanica Obenberger 1924c: 29.

synonym: partha Obenberger 1924c: 30 .

[subgenus Abothris].

Distribution within Iran. Iran (no locality cited) (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c). Distribution outside Iran. Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Chrysobothris parvipunctata Obenberger 1914d: 133 (variety of solieri); Richter 1952: 220; Bílý 1983a: 83; Borumand 2002: 48; Kubáň 2006: 385; Bellamy 2008c: 1661; Bílý et al. 2011: 211; Abaei 2014: 691 (Chrisobothris).

synonym: zarudniana Semenov-Tian-Shankij & Richter 1934: 94.

synonym: beesoni Obenberger 1928c: 308; Bílý 1983a: 83; Borumand 2002: 48.

synonym: kheirii Cobos 1970: 191 (subspecies of beesoni).

[subgenus Chrysobothris].

Immatures: Cobos 1970: 189 (as beesoni).

Host plant(s) within Iran. In Punica sp. ( Lythraceae) wood (Borumand 2002), Pistacia sp. ( Anacardiaceae) (Bílý et al. 2011), Platanus sp. (Farabi et al. 2012).

Distribution within Iran. Hormozgan (Bílý 1983a, as beesoni; Bílý et al. 2011), Kerman (Bílý et al. 2011), Kuhgiloyeh & Boyerahmad (Bílý 1983a, as beesoni; Bílý et al. 2011), Qom (Bílý et al. 2011), Sistan & Baluchestan (Semenov-Tian-Shankij & Richter 1934, type of zarudniana; Richter 1952, as zarudniana; Borumand 2002, as beesoni; Bílý et al. 2011), Tehran (Bílý et al. 2011; Farabi et al. 2012), Yazd (Borumand 2002), Zagros area (Abaei 2014), Iran (no locality cited) (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c).

Distribution outside Iran. Afghanistan, India, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkmenistan, UAE (Bílý et al. 2011).

Chrysobothris solieri Laporte & Gory 1837: 10; Abaei 2006a: 123; Abaei 2006b: 235; Kubáň 2006: 386; Bellamy 2008c: 1681.

synonym: pini Klingelhöffer 1845: 349.

synonym: multipunctata Campanyo 1863: 641.

synonym: quadridens Rey 1890: 172.

[subgenus Chrysobothris].

Immatures: Perris 1854: 117; Bílý 1975a: 423, 1999a: 29.

Biology/Bionomy: Bílý 2003: 52.

Host plant(s) within Iran. Pinus eldarica (Pinaceae) (Abaei 2006a, b).

Distribution within Iran. Tehran (Abaei 2006a, b), Iran (no locality cited) (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c). Distribution outside Iran. Algeria,? Armenia,? Austria,? Azerbaijan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,? Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece,? Hungary, Iraq, Israel, Italy (Pantelleria), Lebanon, Libya, Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Morocco,? the Netherlands,? Poland, Portugal,? Romania,? Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey,? Ukraine (Kubáň 2006; Bellamy 2008c). Note. Two parasitoids including, Liotryphon sp. ( Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Hockeria sp. ( Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) were collected as the larval parasitoids by Abaei (2006a, b).