Genus PTOSIMA Dejean, 1833

Ptosima undecimmaculata (Herbst) 1784: 120 ( Buprestis); Salavatian 1950: 7; Davatchi et al. 1959: 243; Farahbakhsh 1960: 76; Radjabi 1968: 75; Abai & Adeli 1984: 21; Modarres Awal 1997: 138 (with form viturati Pic); Borumand 2002: 18; Volkovitsh 2006: 341; Bellamy 2008a: 329; Ghobari et al. 2012: 236. synonym: novemmaculata (Fabricius) 1775: 233 ( Buprestis, preoccupied by novemmaculata Linnaeus 1758). synonym: sexmaculata (Schaeffer) 1766: 79 ( Buprestis).

synonym: sexpunctata (Villers) 1789: 338 ( Buprestis).

synonym: flavoguttata (Illiger) 1803: 238 ( Buprestis); Bílý 1983a: 38; Modarres Awal 1997: 138. synonym: maculata (Voet) 1806: 96 ( Cucujus).

synonym: istria (Voet) 1806: 95 ( Cucujus).

synonym: confusa (Villa & Villa) 1833: 33 ( Buprestis).

synonym: volucris Gistel 1857: 70.

synonym: cyclops Marseul 1865: 263; Théry 1925: 79 (variety of undecimmaculata).

synonym: intermedia Demaison 1904: 285 (variety of undecimmaculata).

Immatures: Gemminger 1849: 63 (as flavoguttata); Schaefer 1947: 162; Bílý 1972: 18, 1999: 13. Biology/Bionomy: Gemminger 1849: 63; Claudon 1870: xiii; Xambeu 1893a: 1 (as flavoguttata); 1893b: 70, 121; Bílý 2003: 72.

Host plant(s) within Iran. Almond ( Amygdalus sp.), apricot, plum, garden plum, cherry, peach, sour-cherry ( Prunus spp.; Rosaceae) (Salavatian 1950; Davatchi et al. 1959; Farahbakhsh 1960; Modarres Awal 1997), Amygdalus spp, trunks (Abai & Adeli 1984). Prunus sp. ( Rosaceae) (Borumand 2002).

Distribution within Iran. "Chaldée persane: Kouh-Hadjoudj, Poucht-é-Kouh: Mollah-Giavan" (Théry 1925). Azarbaijan (Modarres Awal 1997), Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari (Abai & Adeli 1984; Modarres Awal 1997, as P. undecimmaculata form viturati (Pic 1909)), Fars, Guilan (Borumand 2002), Hamadan (Théry 1925; Modarres Awal 1997, as P. undecimmaculata form viturati (Pic 1909), Isfahan, Tehran (Salavatian 1950; Farahbakhsh 1960; Radjabi 1968; Modarres Awal 1997; Borumand 2002), Kermanshah, Lorestan (Farahbakhsh 1960; Modarres Awal 1997), Khorasan, Zanjan (Modarres Awal 1997), Khorasan and central provinces (Abai & Adeli 1984), Kordestan (Modarres Awal 1997, as P. undecimmaculata form viturati (Pic 1909); Ghobari et al. 2012), Kuhgiloyeh & Boyerahmad (Bílý 1983a), Mazandaran (Farahbakhsh 1960), Qazvin (Théry 1925; Salavatian 1950; Farahbakhsh 1960; Radjabi 1968; Borumand 2002), Semnan, Yazd (Modarres Awal 1997, as P. undecimmaculata form viturati (Pic 1909)), Central and western Iran (Davatchi et al. 1959), Iran (no locality cited) (Volkovitsh 2006; Bellamy 2008a).

Distribution outside Iran. Albania, Algeria, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Lebanon, Macedonia, Malta, Moldavia, Montenegro, Morocco, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine (Volkovitsh 2006; Bellamy 2008a).